EFEMP1 Antibodies

EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1)

Binds EGFR, the EGF receptor, causing EGFR autophosphorylation and the activation of downstream signaling pathways. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration.

May be a negative regulator of chondrocyte differentiation. From the olfactory epithelium, it may regulate glial cell migration, differentiation and the ability of glial cells to support neuronal neurite outgrowth.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	EFEMP1
Uniprot:	Q12805
Entrez:	2202

Family

Belongs to:
fibulin family

Alternative Names

DHRD; EFEMP1; EGF containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1; EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1; Extracellular protein S1-5; FBLN3; FBLN3DRAD; FBNLFLJ35535; FIBL-3; Fibrillin-like protein; fibrillin-like; Fibulin 3; fibulin-3; MGC111353; MLVT; MTLV; S1-5

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
54.641 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	2p16.1
Sequence:	2; NC_000002.12 (55865967..55924163, complement)

Tissue Specificity

In the eye, associated with photoreceptor outer and inner segment regions, the nerve fiber layer, outer nuclear layer and inner and outer plexiform layers of the retina.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted, extracellular space. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Localizes to the lamina propria underneath the olfactory epithelium.

Diseases

• Age Related Macular Degeneration
• Neoplasms
• Dystrophy
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Retinal Dystrophies
• Retinal Drusen
• Tumor Angiogenesis
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Carcinoma
• Pathologic Neovascularization
• Blind Vision
• Cell Invasion

• Abnormal Degeneration
• Atrophy
• Degenerative Disorder
• Dominant Drusen
• Choroidal Neovascularization
• Maculopathy

Interacting Proteins

• ARAF
• ATN1
• BAG6
• CRYBA4
• MEOX2

• SGTA
• TRAF2
• UBQLN2

Pathways

• Methylation
• Angiogenesis
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Dna Methylation
• Cell Growth
• Senescence
• Regeneration
• Cell Death
• Aging
• Complement Activation
• Cell Communication
• Demethylation

• Secretion
• Embryonic Skeletal System Development
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Migration
• Programmed Cell Death
• Stem Cell Differentiation
• Membrane Organization

PTMs

• Methylation

• Demethylation

• Phosphorylation

Research Areas

• Vision

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/EFEMP1

Best Uses Of The EFEMP1 Marker

Serum EFEMP1 has been linked with lung metastasis in patients suffering from OS and the progression of cancer in an animal model. This biomarker is a possible biomarker for mesothelioma of the pleural. In addition to OS it could also be a potential biomarker for different types of malignancies. To learn more about this new biomarker, please read this article.

Serum EFEMP1 is one of the biomarkers for OS

A new study has identified serum EFEMP1 to be a biomarker for OS. This protein is produced in tumor cells and could be used to distinguish OS patients from healthy controls. While it is not a biomarker specific for OS, higher levels of serum EFEMP1 indicate a greater likelihood of someone developing the disease. It could also mean that treatment has resulted in bone cells being damaged which could be the reason for the link between OS.

While the serum EFEMP1 isn't entirely understood, its proangiogenic properties have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of developing wet AMD. In addition the protein is linked to higher levels of fibulin-3, another biomarker for wet AMD. It is therefore essential to understand the specific role of EFEMP1 in OS. In addition it is essential to keep in mind that patients suffering from advanced CNV stage of the disease show higher levels of this protein.

While the presence of EN2 in blood is not conclusive evidence of a role in the prognosis of patients suffering from serous ovarian cancer of high grade but it does play a prognostic role in the design of more specific treatment regimens. The increased expression of EN2 was associated with early relapse and resistance to platinum. This could be used to develop an algorithm for scoring that could be used for patients with ovarian cancer.

The EFEMP1 protein is an extracellular glycoprotein family. It is believed that EFEMP1 protein overexpression increases the production of fibulin-3 in HUVECs. The study used a cellular model to study the function of this protein in tube formation. In this model, EFEMP1 HUVECs create tubes in 12 hours, without stimulation. The study measured the total number of tubes and branch points within the ECM that was later analyzed using the MetaMorph method.

It is often associated with lung metastasis in OS patients

Osteosarcoma is a rare kind of malignant bone tumor with a high likelihood to grow to the lungs. Recently, we described an instance of OS lung metastasis with an uncommon type of. We discovered that this kind of lung metastasis has cells that are not present in primary OS tumors, indicating the parallel seeding process. Furthermore, KEAP1 has been identified as a new biomarker that indicates higher risk of lung metastasis among OS patients.

In this instance the chest CT was conducted during diagnosis and follow-up. The objective of this test is to identify lung metastases in the early stages. The CT appearance of lung metastases is diverse. There is a typical appearance of benign lesion like adenomas. However there is calcification of OS could be seen in the cartilage of tumors due to osteoid origin.

Patients suffering from lung metastases are usually 29 years old. Seventy-seven percent of patients had surgery for lung metastases. 34 patients had no removal at all due to other organ metastases. Additionally, the majority of patients (79%) received neo-adjuvant therapy prior to primary surgery for the primary site. 27 patients had at most ninety percent necrosis at their primary site. Twenty-seven patients had lung metastases within the first one year after surgery; however, three of them had no RFI prior to the next relapse.

The Hippo/YAP pathway is thought to be a potential therapeutic approach against OS lung metastasis. It is implicated in tumorigenesis and usually leads to metastasis. The primary tumor of OS develops in the metaphysis (long bone) and is likely to spread to distant. The most commonly distant metastasis site is the lung, with five-year survival rates of less than 5 percent.

It is linked to tumor progression in an animal model

Researchers have discovered evidence that the osteosarcoma protein EFEMP1 enhances metastasis in an animal model. The chemotherapy agent EFEMP1 is linked to the progression of tumors in the vivo. Researchers concluded that tumors in mice injected with EFEMP1 may be more aggressive than tumors in humans. They gave the mice EFEMP1-143B cells to test their hypothesis, and then monitored their tumors over 30 consecutive days. The tumors of the mice were then removed by cervical dislocation , and histologically assessed for their morphologic characteristics.

While EFEMP1 reduces the growth of tumors in mice It has been implicated in human cancer. Its anti-EGFR activity has been associated with poor prognosis and poor outcomes. In vivo, this protein inhibits cell migration and invasion, and also reduces AKT activity. The findings suggest that EFEMP1 could play a part in the progression of gliomas.

In addition to cancer EFEMP1 is also involved in cancer. EFEMP1 also regulates vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and angiogenesis. Its expression in cancer cells has been linked to poor outcomes for patients. It also increases the production of VEGF which is a key vascular growth factor. This protein may be involved in the development of cervical cancer as well as ovarian cancer.

These findings suggest that genetic mutations in EFEMP1 contribute to the susceptibility to glioma in humans. These findings could provide fresh insights into the development of and treatment for the glioma if they prove to be true. Understanding the causes of cancer human development is crucial for finding the cure. The authors are working on a new approach that includes gene therapy as well as clinical trials.

In an animal model, EFEMP1 overexpression in osteosarcoma cells increased the tumorigenicity. The researchers administered EFEMP1-143B cell lines subcutaneously to 8 mice and observed growth of tumors over the course of five weeks. While the tumors that grew in the EFEMP1-143B-treated mice were not significantly larger than those in the control group, they did appear to be a little more advanced than tumors found in the empty vector-143B-treated mice.

It is a potential biomarker that could be used to detect pleural mesotheliom

Scientists are working on diagnostic biomarkers for mesothelioma as the tumors expand in the chest. Physicians can use molecular biomarkers to help them manage patients and make most effective treatment decisions. There are a myriad of biomarker candidates to consider, but none of these is a reliable biomarker.

The discovery of 51 overexpressed genes has been crucial in defining the primary mesothelioma carcinogenesis pathways and in identifying new diagnostic markers. Of the 14 genes, 14 have been further investigated in MPM, and some have been proposed as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Studies have shown that patients who are not able to express certain genes might survive.

Recent research has revealed that EFEMP1 can detect MPM by monitoring the pleural effusion, FBLN3. The protein is released by cells and plays an important role in cell proliferation as well as migration. Fibulin-3, with an sensitivity and specificity of 94% in pleural effusions and 95 overall, is one of the most reliable MPM biomarkers. However the results were not consistent. Further research is needed to confirm the value of EFEMP1 as a biomarker of mesothelioma.

However, the published data on Chinese patients are insufficient to establish the clinical significance of fibulin-3 for detecting MPM. To improve the statistical power of these studies, further studies should include more mesothelioma patients. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of EFEMP1 in predicting the risk of developing mesothelioma pleural.

In addition to the EGFP gene, the CALB2 gene encodes intracellular calcium binding protein, the calretinin. Several studies on this gene have been published since 1996, proving that this protein is the most sensitive and specific mesothelioma-specific marker. Calretinin expression has also been detected in 97% of patients with mesothelioma, which indicates its potential as a biomarker that can be used to monitor for MPM.

A recent study showed that the BIRC5 gene, which codes for the survivin protein, is overexpressed in MPM. Survivin plays a crucial role in a variety of cell-related processes, including the regulation of bipolar spindle creation and cell proliferation and sustaining cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of a strong dose can result from the inhibition of BIRC5, which reduces cell growth and triggers mitotic cell arrest.