Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibodies

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway.

It performs many different oxidation reactions (e.g.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	CYP3A4
Uniprot:	P08684
Entrez:	1576

Family

Belongs to:
cytochrome P450 family

Alternative Names

Albendazole Monooxygenase; Albendazole Sulfoxidase; CP33; CP34; CYP3A; CYP3A3; CYP3A4; CYPIIIA3; CYPIIIA4; Cytochrome P450 3A3; cytochrome P450 3A4; Cytochrome P450 HLp; Cytochrome P450 NF-25; cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 4; cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA (niphedipine oxidase), polypeptide 3; cytochrome P450, subfamily IIIA (niphedipine oxidase), polypeptide 4; Cytochrome P450-PCN1; EC 1.14.13.32; EC 1.14.13.67; EC 1.14.13.97; EC 1.14.14.1; glucocorticoid-inducible P450; HLP; MGC126680; NF-25; Nifedipine oxidase; P450C3; P450-III, steroid inducible; P450PCN1; Quinine 3-

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
57.343 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	7q22.1
Sequence:	7; NC_000007.14 (99756967..99784184, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in prostate and liver. According to some authors, it is not expressed in brain (PubMed:19094056). According to others, weak levels of expression are measured in some brain locations (PubMed:19359404 and PubMed:18545703). Also expressed in epithelium of the small intestine and large intestine, bile duct, nasal mucosa, kidney, adrenal cortex, epithelium of the gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, gallbladder, intercalated ducts of the pancreas, chief cells of the parathyroid and the corpus luteum of the ovary (at protein level).

Subcellular Localizations

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Microsome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Hiv Infections
• Carcinoma
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Liver Carcinoma
• Food-drug Interactions
• Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
• Hypertensive Disease
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Mammary Neoplasms
• Pain
• Depressive Disorder

• Liver Diseases
• Hepatotoxicity
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Prostate
• Nausea
• Kidney Failure
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Schizophrenia

Pathways

• Transport
• Excretion
• Secretion
• Conjugation
• Demethylation
• Platelet Aggregation
• Intestinal Absorption
• Drug Resistance
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Drug Transport
• Localization
• Dna Repair

• Cell Cycle
• Reverse Transcription
• Sulfation
• Translation
• Cell Death
• Cell Growth
• Menopause

PTMs

• Hydroxylation
• Oxidation
• Demethylation
• Reduction
• Cleavage
• Phosphorylation
• Deacetylation
• Acetylation
• Methylation
• Ubiquitination

• Sulphation
• Carboxylation
• Dephosphorylation
• Deamination
• Nitration
• Glycosylation
• Decarboxylation
• Sumoylation
• Farnesylation
• Amination

Research Areas

• Lipid and Metabolism

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/CYP3A4

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The CYP3A4 Marker

This article focuses on the Boster Bio: the CYP3A4 Marker. This article discusses the CYP3A4 marker's specificity, application of validation, advantages, and. We will provide a few basic facts for those who are not familiar with this marker. If you're interested in its use for research, continue reading. Here's a short overview.

Anti-Cytochrome P450 3A4/CYP3A4 Marker

The Boster Bio Anti-Cytochromp P450 3A4/CYP3AL mark an assay designed to measure CYP3A4 activity in human liver cells. The company is located in Shanghai, China. It provides human microsomes that are pooled as in addition to recombinant Supersomes. Both CYP1A1 and CyP3A4 markers are accessible for use in both human and animal applications.

The Boster Bio Anti-Cytochrom 3A4/CYP3a4 Marker is offered in several formats. It reacts with Human and is used in IHC studies. The antibody is highly specificity and affinity, and has been validated on various platforms. Boster also provides product credits to researchers who have reviewed its products.

The CYP3A4 protein belongs to the family of Cytochrome P450 enzymes, a large multigene heme-containing enzyme. Among them, CYP 3A4 enzymes can be located in the intestinal wall. This is where the majority of CYP enzymes are found. Pgp, which is part of the ABC family, can be found in the apical boundary of enterocytes.

CYP3A4 is a vital enzyme found in the human body. The gene that encodes this protein is located inside the endoplasmic reticulum. It is responsible for several drug metabolism reactions. It also metabolizes carcinogens. CYP3A4 plays an important role in human metabolism.

Inactivating agents are used to block CYP3A4. These agents include nucleophilic capture agents and free oxygen species scavengers. However, despite these properties, the Boster BIO Anti-Cytochrome3A4 Marker isn't classified as an inhibitor of CYP3A4 protein.

Specificity

RT-qPCR was used for measuring the levels of CYP3A4's mRNA. The mRNA level for EGFP was higher when cells were treated with RIF than cells treated with 0.1 percent DMSO. The EGFP mRNA levels were undetectable in the control population treated with DMSO. These results indicate that the EGFP fluorescence intensity is an indication of the mRNA level of CYP3A4.

The CYP3A4 gene contains over 28 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) however, they are not a significant source of interindividual variation. Although there is some evidence that suggests that the genetic makeup of the patient is linked to CYP3A4 expression and activity, no known gene variants are responsible. The CYP3A4 marker is only useful when genetics are an element, but it can't be used as a marker for the cause of the disease.

CYP induction patterns differ between species and are attributed to differences in the nuclear receptor structure. Rifampicin is a potent PXR inducer for CYP3A4 however it is not able to activate the mouse ortholog. CYP induction testing requires human models. However the relative CYP3A4 activity of 4G/7R cells compared to the 0.1 percent DMSO-treated control cell is comparable and closely aligned to the EGFP positive cell count determined by FCM.

The CYP3A4 gene can be found in the small intestine and the liver. It is expressed in the liver, but not in premature liver cells. In the beginning of drug development and discovery, the CYP3A4 gene must be expressed in vast numbers of human adult hepatocytes. Moreover the CYP3A4 gene is expressed in various other organs and tissues.

Two different systems of culture were used to confirm the specificity and effectiveness of the CYP3A4 gene transcription assay. In 2D monolayer cultures, CYP3A4 mRNA levels were reduced by two-fold and the levels of basal were higher than in vivo. Thus, the induction of CYP3A4 in 2D monolayer cultures isn't as sensitive as in 2D monolayer cultures.

The CYP3A markers aren't just important for their physiological function, but also have pharmacological significance. In clinical practice, CYP3A induction results in interactions between drugs. CYP3A isozyme Isozyme Isozyme ISozyme isozyme Isozyme induction is a common reason for interactions between drugs. Furthermore, the CYP3A4 gene is often induced by drugs.

Applications

CYP3A4 is an enzyme in the metabolic process that converts arachidonic acid into epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, which is a potent cell-killer and promoter of certain types of cancer. It is also present in various tissues and organs, and plays a significant role in the metabolism of specific drugs. Particularly, CYP3A4 is found in the intestine. It is essential to absorb prodrugs. Terfenadine is one of these prodrugs.

Researchers are continuously looking for ways to use CYP3A4 to better understand and manage drug metabolism, since it is a member the cytochrome P450 superfamily. This gene encodes an enzyme that is responsible for various drug metabolism reactions including the production of cholesterol, steroids and other bile acids. In addition to being involved in the process of metabolism of drugs, CYP enzymes play a role in the biosynthesis process of many important molecules.

The gene has more than 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNPs were not found to be associated with significant interindividual variability. The gene has been linked with hormone levels gender, age, and inflammatory processes. Twin studies have shown that genetic factors are responsible for 66%-88% variation in interindividual. A significant amount of twin variance is due to single nucleotide-specific polymorphisms within the CYP3A gene. However, genetic studies on the relationship between genes are not able to explain a significant part of the variance.

Drug interaction studies are essential as with any biochemical reaction. This involves testing for the next most important CYP CYP subclass, sensitivity index, and the sensitive index CYP. Mechanistic models can help in predicting interactions between drugs as well as CYP3A4 enzymes. It is also possible to evaluate drugs that target CYP3A4 by using mechanistic models. However, it is important to test the accuracy of the dynamic model.

Validation

The CYP3A4 marker in Bosteros Bio was validated using an induced pluripotent human stem cell differentiation protocol. Boster bio-antibodies are often cited and well-validated for IHC/WB analyses. In undifferentiated iPSC cell lines, the CYP3A4 marker had similar expression levels to PXR+.

The method uses homemade primers to enhance the 5' upstream region of CyP3A4 and exons flanked by intronic regions. These primer sets are available in Table 2. The PCR conditions are denaturation at 93degC, for 12 min, followed by a 2.30 min extension at 72degC. After the PCR was completed, the product is observed and analyzed by the Boster Bio team.

PXR and CYP3A4 were both significantly induced in human iPSC-derived hepatocytic cells. Contrary to this, PXR did not change significantly upon rifampicin treatment. CYP3A4 levels of mRNA were significantly reduced upon confluent culturing. The results were compared the primary hepatocyte lot and Huh7 cells that were confluently cultivated.

Boster Bio used two different primary hepatocytes of different vendors to validate the CYP3A4" marker. Table 1 provides the donor information for each lot. There were significant differences in the amounts of induction in the lots. 32-fold was the highest level of induction. Additionally only one lot showed statistically significant increases in PXR. This suggests that CYP3A4 can detect a variety cytotoxic agents.

Many SNPs do not have any biological implications. However, a tiny amount of gene mutations are of a functional significance and are the basis of human diversity. Numerous studies have demonstrated associations between human CYP3A4 genetic variants and CYP3A5. Unfortunately, the majority of studies are constrained by poor statistics, ethnic bias and the absence of reliable automated methods for detecting CYP3A genetic variants.

In the validation of the CYP3A4 marker, RNA from iPSC derivatives was extracted by using TRIZOL. After that, cDNA was obtained using a high-capacity reverse transcription kit from Applied biosystems. Utilizing the cDNA, CYP3A4 and PXR were detected using Taqman probes for qPCR.