ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3 (ARL3)

Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the speed of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP) (PubMed:16525022, PubMed:18588884). Required for normal cytokinesis and cilia signaling (PubMed:22085962).

Requires assistance from GTPase- activating proteins (GAPs) like RP2 and PDE6D, in order to cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound forms. Required for targeting proteins like NPHP3 into the ciliary membrane by releasing myristoylated NPHP3 from UNC119B cargo adapter to the cilium (PubMed:22085962).