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Product Info Summary
| SKU: | A03699-1 |
|---|---|
| Size: | 100 μg/vial |
| Reactive Species: | Human, Monkey |
| Host: | Rabbit |
| Application: | ELISA, Flow Cytometry, IHC, WB |
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Product info
Product Name
Anti-GSTA4 Antibody Picoband®
SKU/Catalog Number
A03699-1
Size
100 μg/vial
Form
Lyophilized
Description
Boster Bio Anti-GSTA4 Antibody Picoband® catalog # A03699-1. Tested in ELISA, Flow Cytometry, IHC, WB applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Monkey. The brand Picoband indicates this is a premium antibody that guarantees superior quality, high affinity, and strong signals with minimal background in Western blot applications. Only our best-performing antibodies are designated as Picoband, ensuring unmatched performance.
Storage & Handling
Store at -20˚C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4˚C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20˚C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Cite This Product
Anti-GSTA4 Antibody Picoband® (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton CA, USA, Catalog # A03699-1)
Host
Rabbit
Contents
Each vial contains 4mg Trehalose, 0.9mg NaCl, 0.2mg Na2HPO4, 0.005mg NaN3.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Isotype
Rabbit IgG
Immunogen
E.coli-derived human GSTA4 recombinant protein (Position: E29-P222).
*Blocking peptide can be purchased. Costs vary based on immunogen length. Contact us for pricing.
Cross-reactivity
No cross-reactivity with other proteins.
Reactive Species
A03699-1 is reactive to GSTA4 in Human, Monkey
Reconstitution
Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500μg/ml.
Observed Molecular Weight
26 kDa
Calculated molecular weight
26934 MW
Background of GSTA4
Glutathione S-transferase A4, also known as GSTA4, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the GSTA4 gene. Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding these enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione S-transferases in liver (hepatocytes) and kidney (proximal tubules). In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these enzymes exhibit glutathione peroxidase activity, thereby protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of peroxidation.
Antibody Validation
Boster validates all antibodies on WB, IHC, ICC, Immunofluorescence, and ELISA with known positive control and negative samples to ensure specificity and high affinity, including thorough antibody incubations.
Application & Images
Applications
A03699-1 is guaranteed for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, IHC, WB Boster Guarantee
Assay Dilutions Recommendation
The recommendations below provide a starting point for assay optimization. The actual working concentration varies and should be decided by the user.
Western blot, 0.1-0.25μg/ml, Human, Monkey
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Section), 2-5μg/ml, Human
Flow Cytometry (Fixed), 1-3μg/1x106 cells, Human
ELISA, 0.1-0.5μg/ml, -
Positive Control
WB: human placenta tissue, human SH-SY5Y, human HEPG2 whole cell, human HEK293 whole cell, monkey skeletal muscle tissue
IHC: human skeletal muscle tissue
FCM: U20S cell
Validation Images & Assay Conditions
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Figure 1. Western blot analysis of GSTA4 using anti-GSTA4 antibody (A03699-1).
Electrophoresis was performed on a 5-20% SDS-PAGE gel at 70V (Stacking gel) / 90V (Resolving gel) for 2-3 hours. The sample well of each lane was loaded with 50ug of sample under reducing conditions.
Lane 1: human placenta tissue lysates,
Lane 2: human SH-SY5Y lysates,
Lane 3: human HEPG2 whole cell lysates,
Lane 4: human HEK293 whole cell lysates,
Lane 5: monkey skeletal muscle tissue lysates.
After Electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to a Nitrocellulose membrane at 150mA for 50-90 minutes. Blocked the membrane with 5% Non-fat Milk/ TBS for 1.5 hour at RT. The membrane was incubated with rabbit anti-GSTA4 antigen affinity purified polyclonal antibody (Catalog # A03699-1) at 0.25 μg/mL overnight at 4°C, then washed with TBS-0.1%Tween 3 times with 5 minutes each and probed with a goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP secondary antibody at a dilution of 1:5000 for 1.5 hour at RT. The signal is developed using an Enhanced Chemiluminescent detection (ECL) kit (Catalog # EK1002) with Tanon 5200 system. A specific band was detected for GSTA4 at approximately 26KD. The expected band size for GSTA4 is at 26KD.
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Figure 2. IHC analysis of GSTA4 using anti-GSTA4 antibody (A03699-1).
GSTA4 was detected in paraffin-embedded section of human skeletal muscle tissue. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed in EDTA buffer (pH8.0, epitope retrieval solution). The tissue section was blocked with 10% goat serum. The tissue section was then incubated with 2μg/ml rabbit anti-GSTA4 Antibody (A03699-1) overnight at 4°C. Biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG was used as secondary antibody and incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C. The tissue section was developed using Strepavidin-Biotin-Complex (SABC) (Catalog # SA1022) with DAB as the chromogen.
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Figure 3. Flow Cytometry analysis of U20S cells using anti-GSTA4 antibody (A03699-1).
Overlay histogram showing U20S cells stained with A03699-1 (Blue line). To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and permeabilized with permeabilization buffer. The cells were blocked with 10% normal goat serum. And then incubated with rabbit anti-GSTA4 Antibody (A03699-1, 1μg/1x106 cells) for 30 min at 20°C. DyLight®488 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (BA1127, 5-10μg/1x106 cells) was used as secondary antibody for 30 minutes at 20°C. Isotype control antibody (Green line) was rabbit IgG (1μg/1x106) used under the same conditions. Unlabelled sample without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody (Red line) was used as a blank control.
Protein Target Info & Infographic
Gene/Protein Information For GSTA4 (Source: Uniprot.org, NCBI)
Gene Name
GSTA4
Full Name
Glutathione S-transferase A4
Weight
26934 MW
Superfamily
GST superfamily
Alternative Names
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2;TFPI-2;Placental protein 5;PP5;TFPI2; GSTA4 GSTA4-4, GTA4 glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 glutathione S-transferase A4|GST class-alpha member 4|S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A4|glutathione S-alkyltransferase A4|glutathione S-aralkyltransferase A4|glutathione S-aryltransferase A4|glutathione S-transferase A4-4|glutathione transferase A4-4
*If product is indicated to react with multiple species, protein info is based on the gene entry specified above in "Species".For more info on GSTA4, check out the GSTA4 Infographic
We have 30,000+ of these available, one for each gene! Check them out.
In this infographic, you will see the following information for GSTA4: database IDs, superfamily, protein function, synonyms, molecular weight, chromosomal locations, tissues of expression, subcellular locations, post-translational modifications, and related diseases, research areas & pathways. If you want to see more information included, or would like to contribute to it and be acknowledged, please contact [email protected].
Specific Publications For Anti-GSTA4 Antibody Picoband® (A03699-1)
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