Uracil-DNA glycosylase Antibodies

Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG)

Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine. .

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	UNG
Uniprot:	P13051
Entrez:	7374

Family

Belongs to:
uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily

Alternative Names

DGU; DGUEC 3.2.2; HIGM4EC 3.2.2.27; UDG; UDGDKFZp781L1143; UNG; UNG15; UNG1uracil-DNA glycosylase 1, uracil-DNA glycosylase 2; UNG2; uracil-DNA glycosylase

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
34.645 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	12q24.11
Sequence:	12; NC_000012.12 (109097597..109110992)

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 1 is widely expressed with the highest expression in skeletal muscle, heart and testicles. Isoform 2 has the highest expression levels in tissues containing proliferating cells.

Subcellular Localizations

[Isoform 1]: Mitochondrion.; [Isoform 2]: Nucleus.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Infective Disorder
• Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
• Hiv Infections
• Multiple Transition Abnormalities
• Neoplasms
• Hyperimmunoglobulin M Syndrome
• Tuberculosis
• Lymphoma
• Suppressor Mutation
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Carcinoma

• Colorectal Neoplasms
• Pneumonia
• Hyperplasia
• Respiratory Tract Infections
• B-cell Lymphomas
• Autoimmune Reaction

Interacting Proteins

• RPA2

Pathways

• Dna Repair
• Mismatch Repair
• Dna Replication
• Cell Cycle
• Dna Deamination
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Methylation
• Cell Death
• Base-excision Repair
• Immune Response
• Gene Conversion
• Dna Recombination

• Localization
• Reverse Transcription
• Dna Methylation
• Cytidine Deamination
• B Cell Proliferation
• S Phase
• Aging

PTMs

• Deamination
• Cleavage
• Methylation

• Phosphorylation
• Deglycosylation
• Glycosylation

• Oxidation

Research Areas

• Base Excision Repair
• Cancer
• DNA Repair
• Stem Cell Markers

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/UNG

Best Uses of the UNG Marker

If you're interested in the UNG marker, you have come to the right place! We'll take a look at the most commonly used uses of the marker and provide other useful information. Here are the key things to think about. In addition to its common applications, this marker has many other applications. Here are some examples.

Anti-ApoER2/LRP8

ApoER2 is a key component of the Akt/PI3K signaling pathway, and it is controlled by APC. ApoER2 is linked by APC to activate the Akt/PI3K pathway. This process may affect the activities of other molecules that are involved in the Akt/ERK signaling pathways, such as PAR1.

ApoER2 belongs to the membrane glycoproteins family called LDLR. These receptors play an important role in signal transmission and also perform endocytotic functions for cells. They can bind a variety of ligands such as lipoproteins and initiate the process of signaling in cells. ApoER2 is a member the LDLR family. It can be found in a variety of tissues and cell types.

The anti-ApoER2/LRP8 antibodies are part of the Picoband(tm) catalog. It binds to both secreted and membrane-bound forms of the UNG protein. It also recognizes secreted forms of sApoER2, which may be an effective marker in tumors. Although these studies do not provide conclusive evidence, they are promising.

ApoER2 is implicated in the inhibition of the activity of tissue factors. Anti-ER2 antibody blocked ApoER2 and inhibited its effect on the activation of tissue factors in U937 cells. ApoER2-dependent Reelin-like Receptors (APC) activation is linked to neuroprotection and this pathway may also play a role in preventing the ischemia-induced death of neurons.

Anti-Podoplanin

The anti-Podoplanin antibody is used in immunohistology to detect of various cancers. This antibody targets podoplanin unlike anti-CD20 antibodies and anti-CD56 ones which detect a variety of cancers. Although its use in immunohistology is still limited however, there are indications that it may be useful in diagnosing settings.

The protein podoplanin is located in the stromal cells of peripheral lymphoid tissues as well as thymic epithelial cells. It is believed to regulate the lymphatic endothelium and may be responsible the podocytes' distinctive shape. Further studies are required to confirm its usefulness. It is too in the early stages to know whether this marker can be helpful in diagnosing mesothelioma.

Although the clinical use of this marker in tumor research is yet to be assessed, it is important to be aware that it is able to minimize acute lung inflammation. This antibody may be used in immunohistology research to enhance animal welfare during ITLPS. There are numerous potential applications for Anti-Podoplanin antibodies. This marker has been linked with a variety of co-inhibitory receptors which are involved in T-cell activation.

The inflammation phenotype of human podoplanin was first confirmed by the presence of inducible nitrogen oxide synthase and early growth response protein-2. Additionally, podoplanin was found to be expressed in cultivated-generated iAMs. This association was also observed with in vivo data. Interestingly, the anti-PDPN antibody also decreased the expression of iNOS and other pro-inflammatory cytokines in wild-type mice.

Anti-Podoplanin can also be used to detect tumor cells. It was found that tumor cells that circulated from patients with malignant pleural metsothelioma expressed UNG marker. To determine the presence of cancer cells, the CTC-chip was coated with anti-podoplanin antibody. Anti-Podoplanin antibody identifies tumor cells in peripheral blood.

As the UNG marker is an essential lymphatic cell receptor, its detection in tumor cells has benefited from the ubiquitin-proteomic-peptide immunotherapy. These tools for immunotherapy have allowed the molecular analysis of tumors to enhance the treatment of many cancers , and also helped to determine the cause. Its identification has also facilitated research on lymphangiogenesis and invasion.

Anti-Lymphatic Marker and Mesothelial

This antibody recognizes mesothelial cell antigens. These cells line the serous cavities and internal organs. They provide a low-friction connection to cell exchange and fluid they also regulate inflammation and aid in tissue repair and renewal. They may also serve as a tumor metastasis. We describe the identification and characterisation of various mesothelial marker using a pleural cell line.

Boster Bio has produced PDPN which is a lymphatic mesothelial as well as an endothelial marker. This monoclonal antibody is not thought to pose a danger. The price is based on the length of the immunogen. Boster Bio has validated its antibodies on several platforms with known positive and negative samples.

As a standard of reference for the identification of lymphatic vessels lymphatic vasculature antibodies can be utilized. These antibodies could also be helpful in the detection of tumor metastasis that is not possible if lymphatics function correctly. Positive predictive value of 91.5 percent was reported for antibodies against podoplanin and D2-40 in a study using lymphatic vessels.

The mesothelial cells of PD-patients were subjected to EMT in vivo, and treatment with Cav1-increasing medications resulted in the reacquisition epithelial properties. This finding has implications for a variety of other clinical issues. It is important to note that Cav1 is a crucial checkpoint during the transition of inflammatory and fibrotic pathologies.

Low density lipoprotein receptors

The PPARd receptor is a crucial regulator of fatty acid metabolism in macrophages. It regulates the expression of genes involved in the boxidation process, which helps to suppress inflammation. These properties make PPARd an attractive drug target for coronary artery disease. The PPARd transcriptional mechanism offers an exciting therapeutic option for the treatment of atherosclerotic diseaseslike dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease.

Boster Bio's anti-VLDLLR antibody reacts to both human and rat samples. It can be stable for up to 24 months. Boster Bio has tested the antibodies by using various methods and now they are available without BSA. Boster has also had success in testing the antibodies across multiple platforms. Boster Bio awards product credits to researchers who are the first ones to review their products. It is also important to know that the company works with scientists worldwide and conducts tests on its antibodies to ensure their purity and quality.

The IDOL protein contains two functional domains, the RING domain as well as the FERM domain. The RING domain is necessary for target ubiquitination, while the FERM is responsible LDLR identification. Although there isn't a lot of analysis of the physical interactions between two proteins, the IDOL-LDLR interplay is active and dependent on the FERM domain. IDOL encourages clustering and reduces LDLR mobility on the plasma membrane. Additionally an isolated FERM domain of IDOL is able to be localized to the plasma membrane, however its interaction is less potent than the full-length protein.

The LDLR gene instructs the production of a protein called the low density lipoprotein receptor. LDLRs are responsible for eliminating excess cholesterol from the blood. The amount of LDLR molecules on the surface of liver cells determines how fast cholesterol is removed from the blood. Multiple transcript variants exist for the LDLR gene. So, if you suffer from a genetically modified LDLR gene, it can cause a hypercholesterolemia-like condition.

The LDL receptor plays a part in the removal of triglyceride rich lipoproteins. Ldlr-/ mice have an increase in VLDL clearance. Although this effect has not been replicated in humans, it has been suggested to be crucial. Researchers have altered the LDL receptor binding region by changing the binding site of apoB. This modification did not impact clearance of VLDL however, it decreased the clearance of IDL in normal subjects.