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- Table of Contents
Facts about UL16-binding protein 3.
Human | |
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Gene Name: | ULBP3 |
Uniprot: | Q9BZM4 |
Entrez: | 79465 |
Belongs to: |
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MHC class I family |
NKG2D ligand 3; RAET1N; UL16 binding protein 3; ULBP3; ULBP-3
Mass (kDA):
27.949 kDA
Human | |
---|---|
Location: | 6q25.1 |
Sequence: | 6; NC_000006.12 (150061053..150069121, complement) |
Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.
If you're in the market for High-affinity primary antibodies, you've probably heard about the ULBP3 marker. But what are some of the best uses for this marker. This article will explain everything! This article will discuss ULBP3, High affinity primary antibodies and their uses in immunohistochemistry. Once you have this knowledge, you are ready to start your search and select the highest-affinity ULBP3 for your research.
ULBP expression is a key driver of the anti-tumor immune response. Using a C57BL/6 mouse strain, EL4 cell lines expressing ULBP1 / ULBP3 could be subcutaneously injected into one side of the right flank. The tumors within the mice were measured, and the tumor sizes were calculated from the remaining mice in each group. Ten of the 15 mice that were part of the RMA tumor cell lines developed EL4 mock and three developed RAE-1b expressing EL4 cells. One mouse was killed by its tumor burden on day 26.
ULBP3 has a very specific protein. It could play a role in mediating antitumor immunity response. It is well-known that ULBPs participate in antitumor immunity responses. Boster has developed antibodies that recognize ULBP3, including a monoclonal anti ULBP3 marker. This marker is used for detection of cancer cells by scientists studying cancer and other types.
ULBPs lack the same level of homology as MICs and are therefore not well-characterized. Although ULBP proteins have been detected in a variety if normal tissues, their homology is low, which suggests that ULBP expression is tightly controlled. There are many cancers that express ULBP. Correlations have been drawn between their expression, and a better prognosis.
ULBP3 expression can be used to assess a tumor's immune reaction. Moreover, freshly isolated murine splenic NKcells express ULBP3 expression and can kill ULBP expressing tumor cells. These NK cell must be cultured in IL-15 for use. These cells are less likely than others to recognize and eradicate tumor cells if they are cultured in IL-15.
ULBP ligands bind to cells and are soluble. They also bind to murine NKG2D. ULBP fusions are available upon request. The soluble forms ULBP2 & ULBP3 have been expressed in human EL4 cell lines. Anti-NKG2D monoclonal antibody blocks ULBP3 binding in EL4 cells.
ULBP3 is a tumor-specific marker. ULBP3 in tumors is produced by human cancers. It is released in the supernatants. However, ULBP3 levels are low in normal tissues and blood. High-affinity primary antibodies using this marker are useful for the study of human tumors. Here are some examples of such cancers:
ULBP3 is both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. It is important to find primary antibodies that target the protein specifically to study its role on cancer progression. This is crucial for cancer research because ULBP3 is a common protein in many types of cancers, including leukemia and melanoma. However, the research is still not conclusive. Further studies are needed to determine how ULBP3 activates.
The antitumor effect of oHSVULBP3 may result from direct killing of tumor cells by macrophages. Tumors that have not been infected with oHSV are free of foreign antigens and virus replication. The antitumor effect oHSVULBP3 has is not canonical. This study was focused on a novel oHSV antibodies that has a ULBP3 indicator.
ULBP3 has been used as a target. ULBP3 primaries antibodies have been developed using high-affinity ULBP3 and tested. As a reference, we used ULBP3Fc human recombination. A monoclonal antibody against B2-F1F1-F1 was also used with moderate affinity. We performed functional assays once the monoclonal antibody had been identified.
TAM signaling is upregulated by oHSVULBP3. It increases expression of genes involved with antiviral T cells responses. These antibodies increase CD8+T cells in the tumour but have minimal effect upon the number CD4+T cells. A similar approach was used for the detection of oHSVULBP3 from a human tumour.
R&D Systems was the source for human recombinant NKp44Fc, and ULBP3Fc monoclonal antibodies. Miltenyi Biotech has also supplied us with pancreatin, and anti-mouse IgG (H+L). These monoclonal antibodies are highly specific and can also be used in diagnostic tests for diseases.
oHSVULBP3 treatment doubled the number tumor-infiltratingCD8+ T cells. Anti-PD-1 cotreatment increased abscopal CD8+ cell infiltration 12 fold. oHSVULBP3 plus anti-PD-1 cotreatment led to a 28% increase in CD8+ T cell generation compared to the controls. Anti-PD-1 was also associated a higher percentage of tumor-infiltrating, CD8+ T cell.
CD33-based monoclonal antibody BI 836858 binds to CD33 with low nanomolar affinity, as determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. BI 836858's cytolytic activities were compared with HuM195 (nonFc engineered parental mAb), in presence of peripheral blood mononuclear and circulating cells.
The ULBP3 marker was discovered by Boster Bio in 2010. Boster Bio discovered the ULBP3 mark in 2010. They are a candidate for cancer immunotherapy. Boster Bio and co-workers used C57BL/6 mice to test their rejection of tumor cells by injecting them with 3 x 10 5 EL4 cells expressing ULBP1, ULBP2, and ULBP3.
ULBP1 and ULBP3 encode cell surface glycoproteins and map to human chromosome 6q20-26. Both ULBP1 & ULBP3 map differently to different parts of your genome, including chromosomes6q20-26. These genes are highly conserved, so ULBP-1 & ULBP2 are crucial for cellular immunity response.
In this study, EL4 cells and RMA tumor cells were used for creating ULBP-expressing cell line. Transduced clones were identified using reverse-transcription PCR. Clones expressing ULBP genes were stained with antiulbp antibodies and counterstained with an Anti-Mouse IgGPE. RAE-1b-expressing cells were stained with murine NKG2D–Fc antibody and a control antibody against p7.5. The samples were then analysed by flow cytometry.
ULBP DNA encodes a number of polypeptides. ULBPDNA is a genus consisting of polynucleotide series that share high homology. ULBP-1 through ULBP-2 have 90% homology. This unique polypeptide sequence makes these proteins useful in molecular biology.
ULBP2 has been associated with human chromosome 6, and is involved in signal transduction. The ULBP system has been found to be essential to the immune response. The ULBP marker can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. ULBP-2's molecular weight is approximately 31 kD. It cleaves between amino compounds 21 and 22, ULBP Polypeptides have high conservation.
ULBP3 has multiple uses. It is also used for tumor activity testing. In vitro ULBP1 & ULBP2 binds with NKG2D inhibitors. ULBP3 is a different tool for cancer immunotherapy. The ULBP3 markers are a valuable tool in cancer immunotherapy. It is useful in cancer research as well as helping to identify bacterial infections.
PMID: 11239445 by Cosman D., et al. ULBPs, novel MHC class I-related molecules, bind to CMV glycoprotein UL16 and stimulate NK cytotoxicity through the NKG2D receptor.
PMID: 11491531 by Steinle A., et al. Interactions of human NKG2D with its ligands MICA, MICB, and homologs of the mouse RAE-1 protein family.