Prominin-1 Antibodies

Prominin-1 (PROM1)

May play a role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis (PubMed:24556617). Binds cholesterol in cholesterol- containing plasma membrane microdomains and may play a role in the organization of the apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells.

During early retinal development functions as a key regulator of disc morphogenesis. Involved in regulation of MAPK and Akt signaling pathways.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	PROM1
Uniprot:	O43490
Entrez:	8842

Family

Belongs to:
prominin family

Alternative Names

AC133 Stargardt disease 4 (autosomal dominant); AC133; CD133 retinal 2; CD133; PROM1; prominin (mouse)-like 1; Prominin 1; PROML1

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
97.202 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	4p15.32
Sequence:	4; NC_000004.12 (15968226..16084059, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 1 is selectively expressed on CD34 hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in adult and fetal bone marrow, fetal liver, cord blood and adult peripheral blood. Isoform 1 is not detected on other blood cells. Isoform 1 is also expressed in a number of non-lymphoid tissues including retina, pancreas, placenta, kidney, liver, lung, brain and heart. Found in saliva within small membrane particles. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in fetal liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, and heart as well as adult pancreas, kidney, liver, lung, and placenta. Isoform 2 is highly expressed in fetal liver, low in bone marrow, and barely detectable in peripheral blood. Isoform 2 is expressed on hematopoietic stem cells and in epidermal basal cells (at protein level). Expressed in adult retina by rod and cone photoreceptor cells (at protein level).

Subcellular Localizations

Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, microvillus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment. Endoplasmic reticulum. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment. Found in extracellular membrane particles in various body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, seminal fluid and urine.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Retinitis Pigmentosa
• Malignant Tumor Of Colon
• Colorectal Cancer
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Age Related Macular Degeneration
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Adenocarcinoma
• Cell Invasion
• Dystrophy
• Colonic Neoplasms

• Hypoxia
• Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm
• Atrophy
• Rectal Carcinoma
• Tissue Adhesions
• Retinal Dystrophies

Interacting Proteins

• Cdhr1
• HDAC6

Pathways

• Pathogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Development
• Neurogenesis
• Localization
• Cell Growth
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Dedifferentiation
• Cell Migration
• Fertilization
• Brain Development
• Glycosylation
• Methylation

• Regeneration
• Drug Resistance
• Reverse Transcription
• Glial Cell Development
• Phagocytosis
• Gliogenesis
• Prophase

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Glycosylation

• Methylation
• Myristoylation

Research Areas

• Cellular Markers
• Core ESC-Like Genes
• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Markers
• Neuronal Cell Markers
• Stem Cell Markers

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/PROM1

Boster Bio: Anti-PROM1 Antibody Picoband and Its Applications

This article will focus on Boster Bio: Anti PROM1 Antibody Picoband (and its Applications). We will also look at PCR as a method to amplify the PROM1 gene. We will then discuss the most popular uses of the PROM1 marker following we have demonstrated the method's success. After having reviewed these two uses we can now move on to the Boster Microplate Reader. We will also talk about the Boster Pipettes and their ability to dispense 0.5-ul through 1 milliliter volumes. Then, we will go over Boster Bio's policies regarding sharing results.

Boster Bio: Anti PROM1 Antibody Picoband

The Boster Bio: Anti-PROM1 antibody is validated for use in immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, ICC, and WB. It reacts with Human, Mouse, and Rat. This antibody has a catalog number of A02296-3. It is available in five sizes. It is a monoclonal anti-PROM1 antibodies that is extremely sensitive and specific. It is also highly reactive.

The Boster Bio Anti-PROM1 antibody, catalog number A01767, is used in WB applications to detect Prominin-1 protein in a variety of tissues. It reacts with Human, Mouse and Rat and is available in Lyophilized and 100ug/vial forms. Although it is suitable for imaging using immunofluorescence however, it is advised to follow the manufacturer's guidelines on dilution.

The Picokine(tm) increases ELISA specificity and sensitivity to the picogram level. This Picokine kit has been tested to detect more than 25 biomarkers. This allows for high sensitivity and low background. The Boster Bio: Anti-PROM1 Antibody Picoband is supported by technical support and has been confirmed by Boster on more than 23,000 published papers.

Jiu Jin Shan Di is Jiu Jin Shan Di is the Chinese name of this product. It is also referred to as Jin Guan Lai Zi Zhong Guo. It is available in China under the names Jiu Jin Shan Di and Jin Ci Yu Ma Sa Zhu. The product is also available in the form of a Picoband in a 96 well format. This product is best used in conjunction with the Anti-PROM1 reagent ELISA-PROM1.

Applications

The PROM1 gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a significant role in regulating a number of other proteins in the body. Its mutations are largely distributed across the protein genome with most occurring in recessive and dominant cases. The pattern of inheritance of PROM1 remains unknown. In this study, we have identified six variants that truncate and one missense variant associated with the disease character in a patient with dominant inheritance.

While the expression of the PROM1 gene is highly homologous across all tissues, there are distinct differences between PROM1 as well as its counterpart, PROM2. For example, both proteins regulate different signaling pathways. However PROM1 is significantly expressed in skin cancers than in other cancers, making it an ideal option for evaluating the progress of these kinds of tumors. Furthermore, PROM1 has been linked with a low prognosis in prostate and lung cancers.

These changes were in nature with the PROM2-centered gene sets. Also, PROM1 as well as PROM2 deletions resulted in an increase of mRNA expression. While the PROM2-centered gene set did not reveal deep deletions, the modifications detected were consistent with the mutation status of the prominins. The PROM1 marker gene set was defined by alterations to NEPC, ZNF157.

As we have mentioned in the previous article, the R373C mutation caused a serious eye ocular phenotype. The mutation in PROM1 has been associated with disc morphogenesis defect, which is the underlying cause of the stargardt4-like macular dystrophy. Research has found the gene to be a valuable resource because of its widespread expression in retina and in vitro models.

Different types of cancer can have the PROM1 gene differently expressed, such as colon, lung, gastric and liver cancers. Though its expression varied among tissues it was found that high levels of PROM1 and PROM2 were associated with a poor prognosis. It is currently a good candidate for a cancer biomarker for the prediction of patient survival. In fact it has been demonstrated to predict the risk of various kinds of cancer.

The PROM1 gene encodes the prominin-1 stem cell marker. It is expressed at high levels in peripheral nerves and axons but it is slowed down in the course of development. Regeneration is inhibited by genetic deletion of the PROM1 gene impedes the process of regeneration of the axon. However in the presence of Adeno-associated viruses-mediated gene delivery prominin-1 to neural stem cells boosts the regenerative process. It is crucial to understand that prominin-1 has an inhibitory substrate, which permits the growth of axons on an inhibitory substrate.

PCR amplified prominin 1 (PROM1) gene

A protein known as CD133 is encoded by the Prominin1 gene. The overexpression of this gene was associated with glioma survival. It was also correlated to isocitrate-dehydrogenase mutations. To confirm the binding of miR200b to prominin1 proteins western analysis of blots and luciferase reporter were employed.

CD133, which is the human counterpart to Prominin-1 was initially thought to be a biomarker for CD34+ stem cells and progenitor cell populations. However recent studies have identified this cell population as a subset within CSCs in HCC, melanoma, and cerebrospinal fluid. CD133-positive cells show increased self-renewal, resistance to traditional antineoplastic drugs, as well being dysregulated in the signaling of AKT/PKB.