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- Table of Contents
Facts about Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2.
Human | |
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Gene Name: | IRAK2 |
Uniprot: | O43187 |
Entrez: | 3656 |
Belongs to: |
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protein kinase superfamily |
interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-like 2; IRAK2; IRAK-2; MGC150550
Mass (kDA):
69.433 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 3p25.3 |
Sequence: | 3; NC_000003.12 (10164919..10243745) |
Expressed in spleen, thymus, prostate, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas and peripheral blood leukocytes.
The IRAK2 marker has been identified as one of the most significant markers used for detecting cellular metabolic activity. It is used in biology to serve a variety of functions, including the study of genes. The IRAK2 marker can be found in many species, including humans. This marker is used by scientists to find the cellular mechanisms controlling the degradation of proteins and the synthesis. It is also utilized in specific samples and applications. It is extensively utilized by scientists all over the globe.
IRAK2 is a protein which functions as an adaptor in the TLR-MyD88–TRAF6 combination. It also plays a role in a variety of IL-1-driven signaling mechanisms. It has been implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancer and inflammatory diseases, including lupus, sepsis, and a variety of tumors of the body. IRAK1 also regulates the response to inflammatory and bacterial infections.
This protein also regulates the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, which may be used as a therapeutic biomarker in OSCC. IRAK2 increase radiosensitivity for both intrinsic and treatment-acquired OSCC. It also predicts better local control for patients who have received irradiation. These findings are encouraging, however, more research is needed to determine if IRAK2 is safe in clinical situations.
The effects of IRAK inhibition in inflammatory and cancerous diseases are not fully understood. However, inhibitors that target IRAK2 could have beneficial effects on both diseases. However, blocking IRAK1 could have adverse consequences. Further research is needed in order to clarify the utility and distinguish IRAK inhibition from IRAK4 inhibitors. There are currently no FDA-approved IRAK inhibiters. Further research is required to confirm their safety and effectiveness.
IRAKs belong to the tyrosine-like family of the human kinome. They share 31 percent of their sequences and their gatekeeper tyrosine tyrosine sequences are similar. IRAK1 and IRAK2 are related to the same gene and may play a significant role in regulating a signaling cascade. They are related to each the other and have been found to be functionally identical.
One study has discovered an association between the expression of IRAK2 and five-year local recurrence-free, local survival. It also has been associated with a higher quality of life and lower the rate of recurrence. It was also found to be associated with a greater local recurrence-free survival rate, which was confirmed by a Cox proportional hazards regression. Despite its limitations it is believed that the IRAK2 genetic marker is crucial in a variety of cancer types.
Using RNA–Seq to detect RNA–seq data will provide an accurate estimation of IRAK2 levels within the target tissue. In addition to the RNA-seq results, RNA-seq as well as Western Blotting also provide insight into the function of the gene. The IRAK2 gene is an essential component of the human immune system and its expression is increased in cancer cells.
Utilizing this test in clinical settings can assist in identifying early relapses of cancer. The presence of this marker in tumors can also signal early relapse. This is an important indicator to help you determine the best treatment option for a BC patient. The protein is a blocker of growth in both in vivo and in vitro models. IRAK2 is a key component of the immune system which can result in leukemia.
There are many options for IRAK2 Antibody. It is provided in a solution of 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5) 150 mg NaCl, 100 ug/ml BSA and 50% of glycerol. The anti-IRAK2 antibody is an apolipoprotein antibody derived from mice immunized with a synthetic peptide that corresponds to the carboxy end of the mouse IRAK2. The pLKO.1-puro vectors were purified by peptide affinity chromatography or protein A chromatography. The supernats were then added into the medium for 48 hours.
The Marker IRAK2 is an effective specific kinase inhibitor that offers a broad therapeutic scope. This protein has catalytic activity and is able to regulate a variety of downstream events. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on it in the treatment of sepsis. It is present in about twenty percent of MDS patients and is associated with poor survival. The IRAK1/4 inhibitor hrx119-01 inhibits IRAK1 at a concentration of approximately ten micromolar. It also inhibits MDS progenitor cell function and growth in the mouse model of xenograft. These data provide a compelling reason to target IRAK1 in MDS.
The IRAK1 gene is part of the NLRP3 inflammasome. It is a key component of the myddosome and is involved in multiple signaling pathways triggered by IL-1. Multiple inflammatory disorders and cancer are correlated with the dysfunction of IRAK1. IRAK1 has been implicated in many solid tumors such as Lupus and sarcoma.
IRAK2 was used to study the function of RNA and cell signal transduction. HA-tagged IRAK2 can be used to determine expression of genes in cancerous cells when RNA-based transfections are employed in cell biology. It is extensively employed in stem cell research as well as cancer research. There are also applications in the area of genetic testing.
A variety of genetic variants have been implicated in human disease. The R214G IRAK2 variant is the most promising in the development of a new therapeutic intervention point. Further research is needed to determine the precise function of this gene. The IRAK2 gene can be found in a variety of tissues, including the skin and brain. The R848 mutation could be used as a novel biomarker to aid in the discovery of drugs.
IRAK2 is also associated with metabolic disorders like NAFLD or T2D, in addition to the previously mentioned applications. To develop better treatments, it is important to understand the function played by this gene in each of the conditions. This gene is also suppressed by a range of drug treatments. They include:
The mutation in IRAK2 is associated with a higher chance of developing cancer. It affects the gene activity. Scientists are unable to determine this effect experimentally, but it can affect the activity of a kinase. However, a research study on mice with the WT IRAK2 gene demonstrated that this mutation did not affect cell viability.
The suppression of IRAK1 in mice results in an increase in insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake by skeletal muscles. IRAK1 knockout mice also showed an increase in insulin sensitivity muscle tissue. In humans, IRAK1 expression is found to be increased in the adipose tissue of obese individuals and the level of expression is associated with the degree of inflammation. Therefore, IRAK1 inhibition is a promising treatment for preventing the progression of CVD in high-risk patients.
IRAK1 and IRAK2 are essential for optimal secretion inflammatory mediators. IRAK1 knockin mice show increased cytokine production. Conversely, mice lacking IRAK2 had a significant decrease in the production of these mediators. However, this doesn't suggest that inhibition of IRAK1 is not a good option for treatment.
Despite the numerous potential benefits of IRAK1 inhibitors, their effectiveness in BC treatment is not proven. Only a handful of studies have published clinical results. There are currently no treatment options for this mutation. However, they may offer valuable insight into the process of disease. IRAK1 inhibition could be a suitable treatment for BC patients who have a rare loss of function mutation in this gene.
Molecular diagnostics have created IRAK1 inhibition a viable way to identify the cure for relapsed AML. In addition research into IRAK1 inhibition has identified many drug candidates with potent IRAK activity. Pacritinib is a novel agent that could block IRAK1 when used in conjunction with other active therapies. The next step is to improve the mechanism of IRAK1 inhibitor in the treatment of AML.
IRAKs are part of the Kinome. The IRAK-1 receptor belongs to the of the TLK family. It has three-quarters sequence identity with the IRAK4 gene and ninety-percent identity along the ATP binding pocket. The two proteins also have a common tyrosine gatekeeper. These proteins are significant targets in immunotherapy and gene therapy.
PMID: 9374458 by Muzio M., et al. IRAK (Pelle) family member IRAK-2 and MyD88 as proximal mediators of IL-1 signaling.
PMID: 10383454 by Wesche H., et al. IRAK-M is a novel member of the Pelle/interleukin-1 receptor- associated kinase (IRAK) family.