Radiation-inducible immediate-early gene IEX-1 (IER3)

May play a role in the ERK signaling pathway by inhibiting the dephosphorylation of ERK by phosphatase PP2A- PPP2R5C holoenzyme. Acts also as an ERK downstream effector mediating survival.

As a member of the NUPR1/RELB/IER3 survival pathway, can offer pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with remarkable resistance to cell stress, such as starvation or gemcitabine therapy. .