Beta-enolase Antibodies

Beta-enolase (ENO3)

Appears to have a role in striated muscle growth and regeneration. .

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	ENO3
Uniprot:	P13929
Entrez:	2027

Family

Belongs to:
enolase family

Alternative Names

2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolyase; 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; beta-enolase; EC 4.2.1; EC 4.2.1.11; enolase 3 (beta, muscle); Enolase 3; enolase 3, (beta, muscle); GSD13; MSE; Muscle-specific enolase; Skeletal muscle enolase

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
46.987 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	17p13.2
Sequence:	17; NC_000017.11 (4949182..4957131)

Tissue Specificity

The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.

Subcellular Localizations

Cytoplasm. Localized to the Z line. Some colocalization with CKM at M-band (By similarity).

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Liver
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Lung
• Neoplasms
• Lung Neoplasms
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Teratogenic Effect
• Myopathy
• Malignant Neck Neoplasm
• Headache
• Nervousness

• (balanced Rearrangements Or Structural Markers Nec) Or (balanced Translocations)
• Ventral Hernia
• Malignant Head And Neck Neoplasm
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
• Adenocarcinoma
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Malignant Squamous Cell Neoplasm

Pathways

• Methylation
• Transport
• Neuroprotection
• Dna Methylation
• Metaphase
• Energy Homeostasis
• Glycolysis

• Defense Response

PTMs

• Methylation

• Phosphorylation

• Cleavage

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/ENO3

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The ENO3 Marker

We will be discussing the specifications, application and infographics of Boster Bio’s ENO3 mark. It is a valuable resource for scientists of all kinds due to its versatility and ease of use. This biomarker is useful for anyone who studies plants, bacteria, and fungi. It can be used anywhere, which is the best part.

Infographics

Geometry is one of the best ways of presenting data in an engaging manner. Color harmony is a key component of infographics, and geometric elements can help the designer to achieve this. The color circle is a useful tool for establishing color harmony. A harmonious dyad can be formed when two colors are opposite. A color combination can also work in a complementary fashion if it is complementary to one another or diametrically opposing.

Specifications

The ENO3 gene encodes one of three enolase isoenzymes in mammals. This gene is found in adult mammals' skeletal muscles cells, as well as in rodents in development. There have been cases of diseases such as glycogen storage due to mutations in ENO3 gene. Boster Bio ENO3 marker specs can be used for identifying specific protein markers. Boster Bio markers have been validated on multiple platforms.

Applications

Researchers identified genes involved in cell migration and invasion using lyophilized ENO3 marker. Researchers found that cells that expressed high levels of ENO3 showed decreased cellular migrating, while cells that expressed low levels of ENO3 showed greater migration. The results also revealed a negative correlation in ENO3 and GPX4 transcription. However, it is still unclear what specific mechanisms regulate this marker's activity.

ENO3 suppresses HCC cell malignancy and carcinogenesis. It is believed that the anti-tumor activity of ENO3 is due to its inhibition in Wnt/b–catenin-signaling pathway. This effect could indicate that ENO3 might be a therapeutic target to treat HCC. ENO3 has not been shown to play a major role in cancer treatment and prevention, but it could provide new therapeutic targets.

In vitro studies have confirmed that ENO3 inhibits HCC cells' proliferation and metastasis. Cells overexpressing ENO3 were compared to those injected with vector control cells. After injection with HCC cells, tumors were removed 3 weeks later. The formula volume = length x breadth was used to determine the tumor size. This study provides the first evidence that ENO3 inhibits the development and spread of HCC.

Expression of ENO3 was significantly decreased in HCC tissue compared to nontumor tissue. Both the ICGC dataset, and tumor samples showed a lower level of ENO3 mRNA. Researchers identified the optimal cutpoint to use for the ENO3 proteins using the Survival R package. The survival rates for both the ENO3 protein and the other group were compared once the cut-point was established. ENO3 also suppressed activity in the Wnt/bcatenin pathway. This may indicate that ENO3 is crucial in HCC.

Vaccines

The ENO3 marker can be used to identify vaccine-induced immune response. These vaccines can induce robust immune responses in mice, as well as humans. They can also be used as a standalone platform to develop prime-boost vaccine protocols. Here are some benefits to this new technology. We will also discuss any potential limitations. Let's start with clinical trials.

DNA fragments can have serious adverse health effects. The vaccine DNA cannot be incorporated into cellular genetic material. In addition, the safety margin for these vaccines is limited to 10 ng per dose. These materials were reformulated by the research team to include the most recent information to ensure their accuracy. However, there are still many questions to be addressed. This is a work in progress, and we'll keep you posted as new vaccines become available.

As stated above, each individual's immune response is unique. It is possible to develop more effective vaccines by using the "rulesof immunity". These strategies should result in permanent immunity in humans. A vaccine must be targeted at specific populations of people who have been exposed. If the vaccine targets ENO3 gene, for example, it may not offer as much protection than the other two types.

This method is currently being developed into immunoassays. These tests are still in progress, but they are promising. Further research is needed in order to validate and refine these tests. There is a good chance that vaccines using the ENO3 marker will be approved. Next is the identification of vaccines that use ENO3 markers.

Immunohistochemistry

Researchers are trying to identify the proteins responsible for tumor growth, and ENO3 is increasing in HCC cells. ENO3 is a candidate. Despite its limited role in cancer cell development, it is associated with poor OS in patients with this disease. ENO3 reduces cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness, and inhibits EMT. It modulates Wnt/bcatenin, which may be an underlying target when treating HCC.

ENO1 expression was compared to ENO3 in breast biopsy samples from human women. While ENO1 and ENO2 expression levels were comparable in both cancer and normal breast tissues, the levels of expression of ENO1 were significantly higher in cancerous cells than in healthy tissue. This protein is a promising marker in early detection of breast tumors. It is also useful for detecting invasive breast tumors.

HCC is difficult to treat, despite the potential health benefits of ENO3. The limited therapies available to treat it often show less efficacy and are difficult to target at the tumor site. The ENO3 marker is useful in identifying potential targets for chemotherapy. HCC cells also overexpress ENO3 when exposed to anti-cancer drugs.

This marker can detect tumor cells by using in-house qRTPCR. However, the expression level of the protein was lower than in non-tumor tissue. In addition, the down-regulation of ENO3 was associated with HCC patients' survival. ENO3 may be a useful marker for cancer cells. It could also be crucial in the detection of cancer.