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- Table of Contents
Facts about Adenosine receptor A2a.
Receptor for adenosine.
The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase..
Human | |
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Gene Name: | ADORA2A |
Uniprot: | P29274 |
Entrez: | 135 |
Belongs to: |
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G-protein coupled receptor 1 family |
A2aR; adenosine A2 receptor; Adenosine A2a R; adenosine A2a receptor; Adenosine A2aR; adenosine receptor A2a; adenosine receptor subtype A2a; ADORA 2; ADORA2; ADORA2A; hA2aR; RDC8
Mass (kDA):
44.707 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 22q11.23 |
Sequence: | 22; NC_000022.11 (24423597..24442360) |
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Colocalizes with GAS2L2 at neuronal processes.
This article discusses the ADORA2A protein and its applications. We will also discuss its biological relevance and cost. If you are interested, the marker can be used for research purposes. Here, you'll learn about Boster Bio's ADORA2A Marker. Let's dive in! Let's start with its biological relevance.
The ADORA2A signal is a type of receptor that is expressed within the brain. The expression of this gene is regulated by adenosine, which is an essential neuromodulator that contributes to a number of pathophysiological conditions. Four GPCRs regulate this molecule. The brain has two of the most abundant receptors, the Adenosine A 2A or Adenosine A 3 receptors.
Researchers have been studying ADORA2A since 2005. Its discovery led to the development of many therapies, including treatment for adolescents with depression. Researchers Bol, Van Overmeire and Limou were able to make it possible. The ADORA2A gene marker has been used to detect many types of cancer in patients. Boster Bio: The Best Uses Of the ADORA2A Marker outlines a variety of applications for ADORA2A in human cancer.
There are numerous applications for the ADORA2A marker. Many SNPs within this gene can regulate arousal, sleep, as well as the development and progression of mental disorders. This could be a benefit for drug development in these conditions. Future studies will need to collect larger samples in order to determine if the gene is involved in any disease or physiological process. These studies may also be made possible by MRI. However, the majority of studies currently available are limited to identifying SNPs from a small sample.
The ADORA2A chromosome locus is located on human Chromosom 22. It includes three SNPs, the rs5751876 C/T, and rs2298383 C/T. The 1976T–C polymorphism modulates EEG activities, which increases individual sensitivity. An increased anxiety is associated with the T genotype.
ADORA2A variants have been linked with anxiety in people with autism spectrum disorders and healthy people. The ADORA2A-knockout mice demonstrate increased anxiety and genetically driven reductions in adenosine A2A receptor-mediated neurotransmission. These findings have important implications for anxiety treatment and the research community. These findings could lead us to better understand the role of this gene and adenosine-mediated neurotransmission.
ADORA2A is encoded in the ADORA2A genome. This gene family is a source of many therapeutics and has been subject to extensive research. ADORA2A, one of four subtypes in the adenosine receiver family. The ADORA2A gene has seven transmembrane beta helices and adenosine is its preferred endogenous antagonist. The ADORA2A receptor has a unique binding pocket for ligands, unlike other structurally-determined GPCRs.
The Biological Relevance The ADORA2-A Monomorphism It was found to be linked with CE risk as well as a predisposition toward neurologic comorbidity. Although the gene's mechanism remains unknown, it may be related either to neuron death and purine nucleoside Biosynthesis. The gene's regulatory network includes 21 nodes and103 edges. The STRING database contained possible targets for ADORA2A.
Genes associated to ADORA2A expression are enriched in processes or signaling pathways that regulate neuron deaths, aging, and leishmania. The top eight clusters based on p-values include genes involved in epilepsy, negative regulation of neuron death, and apoptosis. The "aging" clusters ADA and ADK were the most abundant.
Further, ADORA2A polymorphisms have been linked with a range of psychological and physiological conditions. Functional research is possible for the rs22983833 variant, which has been implicated both in epilepsy and chronic pain. Further research is required to confirm the gene's role in epilepsy and uncover its neural and developmental mechanisms.
ADORA2A genes are known to alter the sensitivity of individuals in relation to caffeine. The TT genotype has been associated with a decreased risk for current depression, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairment. Other SNPs in ADORA2A are rs3761422 e rs2298383. The 1976C polymorphism contains a T allele that has been associated to increased sensitivity to the effects of caffeine on sleep.
The genome browser at UCSC allows you to explore the human ADORA2A and its interacting genes. Most of these genes play an important role in epileptogenesis. So you can find ADORA2A gene via multiple pathways. ADORA2A, in addition to its involvement in epileptogenesis is also a factor in the regulation of other genes. The ADORA2A gene, in fact, is a candidate gene to many diseases, including schizophrenia.
PMID: 1331670 by Furlong T.J., et al. Molecular characterization of a human brain adenosine A2 receptor.
PMID: 8670304 by Le F., et al. Characterization and chromosomal localization of the human A2a adenosine receptor gene: ADORA2A.