Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1 (UBA1)

Catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to indicate cellular proteins for degradation through the ubiquitin- proteasome system (PubMed:1606621, PubMed:1447181). Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and then linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP (PubMed:1447181).

Essential for the formation of radiation- induced foci, timely DNA repair and for response to replication stress. Promotes the recruitment of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 in DNA damage sites (PubMed:22456334).