Thioredoxin Antibodies

Thioredoxin (TXN)

Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange responses. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide.

Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding action in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	TXN
Uniprot:	P10599
Entrez:	7295

Family

Belongs to:
thioredoxin family

Alternative Names

Thioredoxin1; Thioredoxin-1; Trx1; TXN; TXN1

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
11.737 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	9q31.3
Sequence:	9; NC_000009.12 (110243810..110256507, complement)

Subcellular Localizations

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Secreted. Translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induction (PMA) (PubMed:9108029). Predominantly in the cytoplasm in non irradiated cells (PubMed:11118054). Radiation induces translocation of TRX from the cytoplasm to the nucleus (PubMed:11118054). Secreted by a leaderless secretory pathway (PubMed:1332947).

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Inflammation
• Mammary Neoplasms
• Carcinoma
• Hypoxia
• Tissue Adhesions
• Lung Injury
• Adenocarcinoma
• Cell Invasion
• Hyperplasia

• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Colonic Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Lung
• Asthma
• Leukemia
• Leukemia, T-cell
• Lung Diseases

Interacting Proteins

• CASP3
• COPS5
• EGFR
• MAP3K5
• MYD88

• PRDX2
• PTPN1
• SPG21
• TXNIP

Pathways

• Cell Death
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Cycle
• Localization
• Cell Cycle Arrest
• Cell Growth
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Proliferation
• Dna Repair
• Aging
• Senescence
• Response To Oxidative Stress
• Histone Acetylation

• Cellular Senescence
• Chemotaxis
• Translation
• Blastocyst Development
• Methylation
• Cytokine Production
• Angiogenesis

PTMs

• Reduction
• Oxidation
• Phosphorylation
• Nitrosylation

• Methylation
• Cleavage
• Acetylation
• Nitration

• Glutathionylation

Research Areas

• Breast Cancer
• Lipid and Metabolism

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/TXN

Best Uses Of The TXN Marker

The Boster Bio: TXN Marker is an antibody to Thioredoxin an element of the class of small Redox proteins. Scientists can make use of it to test Thioredoxin levels in various biological samples. Boster scientists can also submit results for species or applications and receive credit for the product. This product is available globally and is suitable for all scientists. This article will examine the different uses of the TXN Marker.

Thioredoxin is one of the small redox proteins.

The redox properties of specific proteins can be evaluated in vivo with a monobromobimane (MBBr) probe that binds to sulfhydryl group generated by the thioredoxin. The protein-mBBr adduct glows, allowing it to be distinguished from other proteins. It is also possible to identify the proteins of interest in vivo through assessing their thiol status.

In previous work it was discovered that there is a link between the Redox response of L. monocytogenes and the virulence. We decided to test the trxA mutation strain for its oxidative sensitivity. We utilized paraquat (a superoxide-generating chemical), H2O2, as well as diamide (a thiol specific oxidizing agent) to achieve this.

The thioredoxin complex consists of a flavoenzyme (NADPH) and the redox proteins (TrxR). The redox system regulates a variety of metabolic pathways. Trx1 and Tx2 are involved with DNA synthesizing. Thioredoxins also act as oxidative/nitrosative stress defense.

The ribonucleotide reductase complex (RNR), is a multi-subunit enzyme that catalyzes the DNA synthesis' rate-limiting step. The expression of specific subunits is a key factor in catalytic activity. The RNR complex is a tetramer consisting of two homologous subunits.

This enzyme is responsible for the reduction of misfolded MogR diulfides. It also maintains its intracellular monomer status. The thioredoxin test evaluates the redox state of a substrate. Free cysteine residues are less compact than disulfide-bonded cysteine residues. The reduced protein moves slower on electrophoresis of polyacrylamide gels.

The redox's turnover dynamics and protein function is vital in molecular and cellular research. While genetically engineered ratiometric fluorescence sensors are useful probes for biological redox however, they're not fully in their action and reversibility. These methods are only monitoring and are not able to regulate redox reactions in ex vivo. It is therefore essential to understand how redox proteins are involved in the function of networks.

Boster Bio's TXN Marker is a thyrodoxin antibody

Thioredoxin antibodies are an immunogen that recognizes the homodimer thioredoxin-2 or TXN2. The TXN2 gene on chromosome 22, encodes mitochondrial members of the thioredoxin family of small redox active redox proteins with multifunctional functions. It could play a significant role in mitochondrial membrane potential and protection against oxidant induced Apoptosis. Thioredoxin antibodies from Boster Bio are highly specific and reagent-grade since they have been tested with positive and negative samples.

TXN antibodies are typically used for research in cancer research. Since the human body doesn't produce the thioredoxin protein naturally and therefore, antibodies to it are required. This antibody can also be used in immunoassays that detect cancer. It also detects the thioredoxin protein in cancerous sarcomas and gliomas as well as various other cancers.

The TXN Marker monoclonal anti-Thioredoxin 2/2 TXN2 antibody is suitable for multiple applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Mouse, and Rat TXN. Similarly to other Thioredoxin antibodies, this one also reacts with FOS/JUN's DNA. The antibody can be used for various research applications and is safe for use in humans.

It can be used for measuring Thioredoxin

A number of small redox proteins are part of the Thioredoxin family. They are responsible for the reduction of protein through the cysteine-thiol-disulfide swap. They also as electron donors to peroxidases, ribonucleotide reducers and peroxidases. They also play a part in the process of signaling through redox. One of these proteins is TXN which is located in human cells.