Twisted gastrulation protein homolog 1 (TWSG1)

May be involved in dorsoventral axis formation. Appears to antagonize BMP signaling by forming ternary complexes with CHRD and BMPs, thereby preventing BMPs from binding to their receptors.

In addition to the anti-BMP function, also has pro-BMP activity, partially mediated by cleavage and degradation of CHRD, which releases BMPs from ternary complexes. Might be an important modulator of BMP-regulated cartilage development and chondrocyte differentiation.