E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM56 (TRIM56)

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an integral role in innate antiviral immunity (PubMed:21289118). In response to pathogen- and host-derived double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), targets TMEM173/STING into'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination, thereby promoting its homodimerization, a measure required for the production of type I interferon IFN-beta (By similarity).

Independently of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, positive regulator of TLR3 signaling. Potentiates extracellular double stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced expression of IFNB1 and interferon-stimulated genes ISG15, IFIT1/ISG56, CXCL10, OASL and CCL5/RANTES.