Stimulator of interferon genes protein (Sting1)

Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double- stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered into the cytoplasm.

Acts by recognizing and binding cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced in response to DNA virus from the cytosol: upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, autoinhibition is relieved and TMEM173/STING can activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and employ a potent antifungal state. May be involved in translocon feature, the translocon maybe being able to influence the induction of type I interferons.