Plasminogen Antibodies

Plasminogen (PLG)

Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle.

It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin results in cell detachment and apoptosis.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	PLG
Uniprot:	P00747
Entrez:	5340

Family

Belongs to:
peptidase S1 family

Alternative Names

DKFZp779M0222; EC 3.4.21; EC 3.4.21.7; plasmin; Plasminogen; Plg

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
90.569 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	6q26
Sequence:	6; NC_000006.12 (160702193..160754097)

Tissue Specificity

Present in plasma and many other extracellular fluids. It is synthesized in the liver.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted. Locates to the cell surface where it is proteolytically cleaved to produce the active plasmin. Interaction with HRG tethers it to the cell surface.

Diseases

• Persistant Generalized Lymphadenopathy
• Thrombosis
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Inflammation
• Hemorrhage
• Tuberculosis
• Hiv Infections
• Hypoplasminogenemia
• Blood Coagulation Disorders
• Polyps
• Tumor Angiogenesis
• Cell Invasion

• Carcinoma
• Infarction
• Infective Disorder
• Pathologic Neovascularization
• Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm
• Gallbladder Neoplasm
• Parkinson Disease

Interacting Proteins

• APOH
• LOX
• MARVELD2

Pathways

• Fibrinolysis
• Coagulation
• Plasminogen Activation
• Regeneration
• Immune Response
• Proteolysis
• Secretion
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Migration
• Angiogenesis
• Wound Healing
• Inflammatory Response
• Cell Proliferation

• Hemostasis
• Blood Coagulation
• Tissue Remodeling
• Virulence
• Reflex
• Cell Death
• Platelet Aggregation

PTMs

• Cleavage
• Reduction
• Biotinylation
• Glycosylation
• Phosphorylation

• Amidation
• Gamma-carboxylation
• Acetylation
• Methylation
• Oxidation

• Iodination

Research Areas

• Angiogenesis
• Cancer
• Cell Cycle and Replication

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/PLG

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The PLG Marker

Plasminogen (PLG) is a circulating zymogen that is absorption on the MPS's surface. It is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis as well as a potential pathogen of the ciVAX. Find out more about its applications. These are just a few of the most well-known uses. There are many more uses for. Let's examine a few of them.

Plasminogen (PLG) is an circulating zymogen is one.

In addition to its numerous functions, the plasmin protein is essential for inflammatory cell recruitment as well as migration, and has a prominent role in the field of cardiovascular pathology. Its binding to PlgRs on the surfaces of cells that are responding alters their functional responses. Although the exact mechanism behind Plg-Rs is not known the most common mechanism is intracellular calcium mobilization and activation of calcium channels.

A variety of different forms of plasminogen are found in plasma from humans. They can be separated by affinity chromatography. The original form of plasminogen called Glu-plasminogen and contains an acid-containing glutamic nucleus. Other forms include mainly the lysine. However, a plasminogen might play a role in the progression and development of thrombotic and inflammatory disorders.

The cytoplasmic part of Plasminogen's body is made up of annexins, proteins. Annexin 2 is expressed in monocytoid cells and is more common in acute promyelocytic lymphoma cell. It contains a C-terminal Lysine and functions as a Plg-R on leukocyte surfaces. Many other histones also have lysine and may act as Plg–Rs at the cell surface. Several of these proteins are extracellularly present and are linked with DNA nets. They are also involved in inflammatory reactions.

Fibrinolysis is believed to occur as a K5 fibrin interaction. This interaction extends Glu-plasminogen. partially degraded fibrin serves as binding sites for the plasminogen. K1 and K4 could contribute to the development of fibrinolysis. The fibrinolytic process could be slowed down if fibrin-plasminogen is blocked.

Seven domains comprise the full-length humanplasminogen molecule. The N-terminal Pan Apple domain and the chymotrypsin-like serine protease domain are the key components of the closed form plasminogen. The kringle domains bind to lysine residues on substrates or receptors.

It is absorbed at the surface by the MPS

Boster Bio PLG Marker, a biomaterial system is a new biomaterial system that is able to encapsulate bacterial antigens CpG and GM-CSF. The cellular release of PLG occurs through the degradation of the polymer. The cell release was studied using tandem mass-spectrometry and liquid chromatography. During a 30-day experiment 88% of E. coli proteins and 53 percent of S.aureus proteins were observed in the FcMBL -captured fraction. Both MPS- and MPSG-based vaccines were administered using lysates of E. coli RS218 or GM-CSF. A high level of protection was observed.

The capture of PAMPs occurs by using magnetic beads coated with FcMBL which are then mixed with MPS microparticles. The MPS particles are biomaterials derived from mesoporous silica (MPS). Once incorporated into the body, the beads function as a release depot for GM-CSF. This triggers maturation in dendritic cells in their immature. Once activated, cells transfer PAMPs to a draining lymph node and interact with resident B and T cells.

It is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis.

This antibody detects it detects the presence of a PLG marker. It is a protein that functions as a rheostat in ECs. It actually blocks the development of neovessels. Moreover it has been demonstrated that the PLG marker is an effective inhibitor of angiogenesis. However, further research is required to confirm the mechanism.

Boster Bio PLG antibody has a high specificity and a powerful inhibitory effect against angiogenesis in ECs. Additionally it recognizes Ang K1-3, a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain that contains 259 amino acids. It also inhibits the growth of tumors. Furthermore, Boster Bio PLG antibody displays increased inhibitory activity when compared to other antibodies.

Many malignancies can be treated with stopping angiogenesis. The anti-VEGF drug , bevacizumab, targets this process. Bevacizumab decreased the growth of osteosarcoma cells in a mouse model. By using bioinformatics, scientists identified osteosarcoma-related microarray marker. The miRNA miR-613 was validated by luciferase assay. The drug also inhibited osteosarcoma cell growth and angiogenesis.

It is possible that the PLG marker could inhibit osteosarcoma angiogenic activity in the clinic. A recent study has revealed that Bev blocks osteosarcoma angiogenesis and boosts miR-613's expression. However Bev does not affect the angiogenesis of normal cells. It is therefore important to test the inhibitor using an xenograft mouse model study to determine whether it is effective in treating human cancer.

In the presence of LPS osteosarcoma cell ECs show the highest proportion of ECs for the total tissue. The proportion of EVs derived from CD31+ in RA FLSs were also dramatically increased. This is the first study to show that the PLG marker inhibits angiogenesis. There are no clinical trials on the effectiveness of PLG marker in osteosarcoma.

It is a potential pathogen for ciVAX

The initial phase of clinical trials of the ciVAX-based vaccine has shown that the drug can protect mice from a variety bacteria. However, the PAMPs from Enterobacter Cloacae conferred a cross-protection to E. coli, protecting 77 percent of mice. These studies have demonstrated that these drugs have conserved epitopes and are capable triggering T-cell responses.

After activating the bacteria the PAMPs are then absorbed using FcMBL-coated magnetic beads. These magnetic beads are joined with microparticles of mesoporous silicon (MPS), which spontaneously form a biomaterial. MPS particles function as release depots for GM-CSF that trigger the accumulation of dendritic cell. CpG is a messenger protein that binds Peptides, induces dendritic-cell activation and degrades MPS.

The ciVAX PAMP vaccine generates an effective immune response to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, both of which are commonly responsible for sepsis. In the animal models of sepsis the PAMPs produced by the vaccine produced broad-spectrum protection against a range of bacteria, including MRSA which is an important biothreat agent. The ciVAX-based vaccine could be an alternative to antibiotics.

The PLG ciVAX virus was made by mixing PLG acid scaffold with GMCF and Cefepime to kill RS218. The PLG-ciVAX vaccine for mice was administered as PLG-sham. Mice were vaccinated 35 days after vaccination with E. coli RS218. After the 48-hour post-vaccination period mice were screened for mortality and for humane criteria. The ciVAX vaccine showed higher mortality rates, but both vaccines also improved the mice's immune system.

It is a gene that circulates.

The circulating zymogen (PLG) is a protein present in the blood. It is transformed into active enzymes plasmin via the urokinase and tissue plasminogen activater. The primary purpose of plasmin is break down fibrin clots. This enzyme is part of the serine proteinase family. Plasminogen deficiency is associated with several human diseases, including thrombophilia , as well as lineous conjunctivitis. This marker has been validated by the laboratory.