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- Table of Contents
Facts about Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A.
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Human | |
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Gene Name: | MAD2L1 |
Uniprot: | Q13257 |
Entrez: | 4085 |
Belongs to: |
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MAD2 family |
HSMAD2; MAD2 (mitotic arrest deficient, yeast, homolog)-like 1; MAD2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (yeast); MAD2L1; MAD2-like protein 1; MAD2mitotic arrest deficient, yeast, homolog-like 1; Mitotic arrest deficient 2-like protein 1; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A
Mass (kDA):
23.51 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 4q27 |
Sequence: | 4; NC_000004.12 (120055623..120066848, complement) |
Nucleus. Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole. Recruited by MAD1L1 to unattached kinetochores (Probable). Recruited to the nuclear pore complex by TPR during interphase. Recruited to kinetochores in late prometaphase after BUB1, CENPF, BUB1B and CENPE. Kinetochore association requires the presence of NEK2. Kinetochore association is repressed by UBD.
If you're interested in knowing more about MAD2L1 marker, check out this article. This marker is associated with the anti-p62 proteins. It is also referred to as Anti-AAV. This marker is associated with many molecular biology processes. It can also be used to identify various cancerous and pathogens. There are many uses for the MAD2L1 marker.
There are many applications for antibodies against p62 in both diagnosis and research. The p62 protein is an alternative marker for many neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's. This antibody recognizes p62, which is a protein that is linked to p62-associated proteins . These proteins are involved in the process of autophagy.
The p62 antibody recognizes an dynactin subunit. The gene SQSTM1 encodes the protein. It is also known under the names EBI3-associated Protein of 60 kDa (p60), or A170. Antibodies that recognize this protein can recognize proteins that are not related to it. The antibody could also be used as a synonym to the subunit 4 of dynactin.
The Boster Bio Anti-Phospho-p62 Protein (SQSTM1 antibody) is an extremely specific and versatile marker for the p62 protein. This antibody reacts with human, mouse and rat proteins. This antibody is available at Boster Bio (catalog # PA1955). It can also be used for immunofluorescence analyses.
There are numerous domains that make up the protein p62/SQSTM1. The N-terminal domain in PB1 (Phox/Bem1p), ZZ-type zinc finger ZF (ZF) and the ubiquitin associated domain are the most prominent. This dual regulation of the protein's location has implications for autophagy (a process that regulates the cellular homeostasis). Many mutations in p62 gene have been linked with neurodegenerative proteinopathieslike Parkinson's disease.
In addition to regulating the cell cycle as well as regulating cell cycle, p62/SQSTM1 also acts protein involved in autophagy. It is a key adaptor for organelles transported to autophagosomes. It also plays a role in cardiometabolic disorders. The anti-p62 protein is a crucial tool in the investigation of cardiac and vascular diseases.
The antibodies for p62 were demonstrated to be reactivity similar in both LBD and AD brain regions. The results of the tests were also consistent. The antibodies for p62 highlighted an astrocyte stellate in the amygdala and globular cytoplasmic staining in the cerebellum. Even after pretreatment with formic, the immunoreactivity was nearly identical.
Boster Bio Anti-Desmoglein 3 is an excellent choice if are searching for an antibody against the Desmoglein protein family. This peptide-specific antibody reacts with human desmoglein. It can be stored at 20°C or frozen for up to 6 months. This product has 5 mg BSA, 0.05 mg Thimerosal and 0.05 NaN3 at 0.05. If you're seeking an anti-Desmoglein antibody for research , think about Boster Bio's Anti-Desmoglein 3/DSG3 Antibody.
Boster's products have been validated against known positive and negative samples, making them trustworthy for research. Scientists who have reviewed their products are eligible for product credits. These awards are available to scientists across the globe. To learn more about Boster's research and its products, visit www.boosterbio.com/antibodies. These antibodies will help you find the right antibody to your needs in research and applications.
Desmoglein-3, which is a molecule discovered in squamous epithelia with overexpression is linked to severe skin blistering disorder called pemphigus. Patients with anti-DSG3 autoantibodies develop different diseases based on the locations of the antibodies' recognition. The EC1 and EC2 domains at the N-terminal of DGS3 have been linked to the most severe forms of disease. Antibodies with other recognition sites do not produce pathogenic effects.
The MAD2L1 protein is one of several anti-AAV markers. This protein helps protect against AAV infections in many organoid tissues of humans. Anti-AAV proteins can be employed in anti-viral research in various ways. Researchers are currently working on in vivo delivery tests for AAV. They also plan to develop a method to engineer AAV so that it has desirable properties. The majority of AAV serotypes cannot cross the blood brain barrier.
The MAD2L1 marker is a possible solution to improve specificity of cell types and tissues. There are 12 different AAV serotypes. Each has its own antigen that the immune system neutralizes using different antibodies. Researchers hope to expand the repertoire of AAV variants by modifying AAV to express specific antigens within different tissues. Further development of specific cell-specific AAV vectors is essential to enable more efficient delivery of therapeutic nucleic acid sequences.
MAD2L1 siRNA can be bought in Lentivirus, AAV and Oligo forms. The siRNAs are engineered to knock down the MAD2L1 gene in different host cell varieties. But, as AAV has the capacity to carry cargo that is limited, only five kb, most inherited diseases cannot be delivered through a single AAV vector. The AAV cargo capacity is also limited by the size of the expression cassette for functional proteins.
AAV gene therapy is rapidly progressing and is being used to treat many genetic diseases. Despite these issues some recent studies have revealed promising results. The question is how fast these treatments will get to the clinic. Research continues to identify relevant cells and determine the most effective AAV variants. Research into inhibitory immune responses is a key area.
Gene therapy might not be a possibility for patients with antibodies to AAV serotypes. Patients with AAV antibodies could be cross-reactive with other AAV kinds, which is why it is important to test their immune response prior to starting treatment. It is vital to remember that vaccinations can affect the immune system's ability to recognize AAV.
The Anti-Synaptopodin/SYNPO Antibody from Boster Bio reacts with Mouse and Human Synaptopodin. This reagent is supplied in PBS that contains 0.02 percent sodium azide. The antibody is produced against synthetic propeptides that correspond to amino acids 320-370 of human SYNPO2. Boster Bio's antibody is extremely specific, and can recognize both the mouse and human proteins.
Synaptopodin is a protein associated with dendritic spines, tight junctions within cells, and postsynaptic densities in the brain. Boster Bio's Anti-Synaptopodin was validated by immunohistochemistry as well as Western Blotting. The antibody is produced in a concentration of 1:50,000, 1;10,000, or 1:5,000. Boster Bio produces it in rabbit and mouse.
Synaptopodin, a protein, is found in the brain of mammals and in rodents' brains. It is essential for neurons to function properly. It regulates synaptogenesis and help in the development of neurons. Boster Bio's anti-Synaptopodin protects synaptopodin against degrading and restoring healthy fibers. It can be dangerous if it is used on humans.
Synaptopodin is a co-located protein with A-actinin-4. Synaptopodin can also be found in wild-type mice. Synpo-/ mice exhibit an abnormal phenotype that is present in the brain and the kidney. The remaining section of the paper is focused on its molecular function. It could play a significant function in regulating the expression of synaptopodin within the kidney.
It is a phospho-tyrosine protein found in synaptopodin. It is one of three synaptopodin sites that have been preserved by evolution. T216 and the Y222 are close to one another. Boster Bio's anti-Synaptopodin signal reflects the interaction of synaptopodin with the calcineurin.
SYNPO is a different name used for the protein. It is located in a special area of the ER called the spine apparatus. It is made up of stacked discs connected to dendritic tubes. It was first discovered in kidney podocytes. However, mice don't synthaptopodin and, therefore, they lack the memory function.
PMID: 8824189 by Li Y., et al. Identification of a human mitotic checkpoint gene: hsMAD2.
PMID: 11390010 by Gemma A., et al. Genomic structure of the human MAD2 gene and mutation analysis in human lung and breast cancers.