IRS1 Antibodies

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)

May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to different cellular proteins containing SH2 domains like phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2.

Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit (By similarity). .

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	IRS1
Uniprot:	P35568
Entrez:	3667

Family

Belongs to:
No superfamily

Alternative Names

HIRS-1; insulin receptor substrate 1; IRS1; IRS-1

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
131.591 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	2q36.3
Sequence:	2; NC_000002.12 (226731317..226798790, complement)

Diseases

• Insulin Resistance
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Diabetes Mellitus, Non-insulin-dependent
• Obesity
• Insulin Sensitivity
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Hyperinsulinism
• Neoplasms
• Hyperglycemia
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Liver Carcinoma
• Inflammation
• Impaired Glucose Tolerance

• Mammary Neoplasms
• Carcinoma
• Hypertensive Disease
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
• Cardiovascular Diseases

Interacting Proteins

• BCAR3
• ERBB2
• INSR
• PABPC1
• PIK3CA

• PIK3R1
• PIK3R3
• PTPN11

Pathways

• Transport
• Glucose Transport
• Secretion
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Glucose Homeostasis
• Insulin Secretion
• Cell Growth
• Localization
• Cell Cycle
• Aging
• Gluconeogenesis
• Translation

• Cell Death
• Rna Interference
• Cell Differentiation
• Hyperphosphorylation
• Angiogenesis
• Regeneration
• Dna Repair

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Dephosphorylation
• Oxidation
• Ubiquitination
• Cleavage
• Reduction
• Nitration
• Glycosylation
• Acetylation

• Prenylation
• Myristoylation
• Methylation
• Nitrosylation
• Acylation
• Farnesylation
• Glutathionylation
• Biotinylation
• Deacetylation

• Geranylgeranylation

Research Areas

• Autophagy
• Cancer
• Diabetes Research
• mTOR Pathway
• Neuroscience

• Signal Transduction

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/IRS1

Best Uses of the IRS1 Marker

If you're interested in advancing your career in immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, or IHC, you may be wondering how to use the IRS1 marker. If you're wondering where to get started, look no further than this article. You'll learn how to apply this marker for different applications and gain product credits. Best of all, you can use it for your own research, too.

Boster Bio

The IRS1 marker is a highly versatile tool for identifying phosphorylation sites in proteins. Unlike other phosphorylation markers, it does not require any prior knowledge of the target protein. The IRS1 gene encodes a single, highly conserved protein. Moreover, it is highly soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. As a result, it is ideal for research into a broad range of biological processes.

This marker can also be used to detect the expression of certain genes. It is especially useful for studying the immune system and the function of specific cells. The IRS1 gene is a part of the p53 family of proteins that contributes to insulin resistance. Its expression levels in the human bloodstream are high, suggesting that it plays a role in insulin resistance. It has also been shown to be a critical determinant for autoimmune disorders.

Immunohistochemistry

The IRS1 marker is an important component of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, it is associated with tumor survival. Furthermore, overexpression of IRS-1 leads to enhanced cell survival of ER+ breast cancer cells. Moreover, IRS-1 overexpression confers resistance to TGF-b-induced cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In addition, Irs-1-/ mammary tumor cells are more resistant to serum deprivation.

The IRS1 marker is produced in Boster Bio's lab from rabbit and mouse cells. It has been used for a variety of research purposes. The company has developed antibodies for this marker. The antibody has a catalog number of PA2269 and reacts with the IRS1 protein in human, mouse and rat cells. After binding, the antibody phosphorylates a number of intracellular substrates, including SHC, GAB1, and MHC.

The IRS1 Marker is part of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which coordinates growth and metabolism. It is also involved in regulating cell size in Drosophila, where it interacts with the IRS homolog Chico. The IRS1 protein is involved in the regulation of cell size, proliferation, and differentiation. In humans, it plays a significant role in controlling cell growth and survival.

The IRS proteins recruit to activated cell surface receptors, where they phosphorylate tyrosine residues in their C-termini, creating docking sites for downstream signaling effectors. The downstream signaling cascades regulate gene expression, protein synthesis, glycolysis, and cell motility. In cancer cells, elevated levels of the IRS1 marker can help predict a patient's prognosis.

Flow cytometry

Flow cytometry can be used to determine whether cells contain a particular protein. Fluorescent dyes stain the cell with the protein of interest and emit light after being excited by a compatible wavelength. Fluorescent cells can be analyzed in separate tubes and can be identified by their fluorescent staining. Fluorescent dyes are available in many varieties and are important to flow cytometry experiments.

Apoptosis is an important component of the progression of many human diseases and the study of the protein in these diseases may provide valuable insight into drug development. Studies have been performed using the IRS1 marker to identify the role of IRS1 in K562 cells. Although these findings have not been directly translated into clinical trials, they may be useful for developing prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. The results reported are representative of three independent experiments.

Since IRS1 is a functional protein, it is important to identify cells that express this protein in their DNA. The expression level of IRS1 will indicate whether a cell is proliferating or not. If this protein is overexpressed, the cells will be more proliferative. Moreover, IRS1 expression is strongly associated with reduced apoptosis in mammary tumors.

Flow cytometry using the IRS1 markers is useful for analyzing the activity of autophagy in cells. It is a reliable indicator of autophagy. The study was performed in cells with IRS-1 overexpression and control cells. In this study, cells were subjected to EBSS, an amino acid deficient solution. Compared to their non-overexpressing counterparts, cells with IRS-1 overexpression showed increased LC3B-II levels.

IHC

The mutated form of the IRS1 gene is characterized by different conformations and is therefore the best candidate for the identification of diabetes. Mutations in the protein cause various pathological conditions. Its altered conformation results in the changed activity of the protein. Molecular dynamics simulations will play a key role in estimating the probability of diabetes. The mutated structure will be compared to the wild type structure to understand the changes that occurred during diabetic patient's disease.

The IRS1 mutants are found to have varying binding orientations compared to wild-type IRS1. The IRS1 mutants have a higher hydrogen-bonding activity. In one mutant, I65S formed eleven hydrogen bonds, R66S formed 12, and G86R formed fourteen. Mutants gln175 form hydrogen bonds with a residue other than IR. This indicates that IRS1 and IR docking complexes have different interactions with other proteins.

Several Ser residues on IRS1 are involved in the phosphorylation of the protein. One example of a Ser residue on IRS1 is human (h)Ser312; the same residue in mice is equivalent to Ser612; human Ser1101/mSer1097; and mouse Ser618, which is equivalent to Ser632.

Mutations in the IRS1 gene disrupt insulin signaling by altering the structure of the insulin receptor. The resulting changes in insulin signaling can lead to T2D and insulin resistance. As the IRS1 protein has many roles in the body, researchers are now studying the effects of mutations on insulin and the IR. This information will help scientists determine if this mutation is causing T2D. If it is, they can develop a vaccine against T2D.

Detection of total IRS-1 and IRS-1 pan-tyrosine phosphorylation

Detection of total IRS-1 and insulin-like growth factor-I pan-tyrosine phosphorylations is an essential step in the diagnosis of insulin-related diabetes mellitus. Both insulin and growth factor-I are phosphorylated at the same time, and these changes may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. To assess this process, we developed a new assay that can measure total IRS-1 pan-tyrosine phosphorylation.

The function of the IRS proteins has been studied in cancer. They have been shown to be cytoplasmic adaptor proteins, but may also function in the nucleus. IRS-1 co-localizes with SV40 and JCV T-antigen in transformed cells, and is induced by IGF-1 stimulation. Detection of IRS-1 nuclear expression has been associated with the non-metastasis phenotype in ductal breast cancer.

Detection of total IRS-1 and insulin-like growth factor-I expression in tumor cells can help determine a patient's treatment outcome. This assay also includes a phosphorylation-sensitive assay for IRS-1, which measures both total IRS-1 pan-tyrosine phosphorylation. These results are available as a standard and can also be compared to other methods.

Detection of total IRS-1 and insulin-like growth factor-II levels is a useful tool for the detection of proinflammatory changes in patients with chronic heart failure. In this assay, IRS1 and P-Akt are both normalized to their respective protein abundances. These results support the hypothesis that IRS1 signaling is responsible for proinflammatory changes in the heart after TAC.

Moreover, the analysis of insulin-like growth factor-II levels in tumor cells is a valuable tool for cancer research. Detection of total IRS-1 pan-tyrosine phosphorylation has significant clinical implications for treating cancer. These findings demonstrate the important role of IRS-1 in the immune system in tumor growth. Moreover, it may also play a role in preventing the development of ovarian cancer.