Interleukin-36 beta (IL36B)

Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL2/IL-36R receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells connected to a pro-inflammatory reaction. Part of the IL-36 signaling system that is considered to be present in epithelial barriers and to get involved in local inflammatory reaction; similar to the IL-1 system with which it shares the coreceptor IL1RAP.

Stimulates production of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in synovial fibrobasts, articular chondrocytes and mature adipocytes. Induces expression of a number of antimicrobial peptides including beta-defensins 4 and 103 as well as a number of matrix metalloproteases.