Hepatic leukemia factor Antibodies

Hepatic leukemia factor (HLF)

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	HLF
Uniprot:	Q16534
Entrez:	3131

Family

Belongs to:
bZIP family

Alternative Names

hepatic leukemia factor; MGC33822

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
33.199 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	17q22
Sequence:	17; NC_000017.11 (55264960..55325187)

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in liver; lower levels in lung and kidney.

Subcellular Localizations

Nucleus.

Diseases

• Liver Carcinoma
• Carcinoma
• Liver Neoplasms
• Leukemia
• Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
• Leukemogenesis
• Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Chromosomal Translocation
• Hypoxia

• Hepatitis
• Hepatocarcinogenesis
• Chimera Disorder
• Carcinogenesis
• Fibrosis
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Liver
• Neoplasm Metastasis

Pathways

• Cell Growth
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Cycle
• Cell Death
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Cycle Arrest
• Induction Of Apoptosis
• Localization
• Coagulation
• Reverse Transcription
• G1 Phase
• Angiogenesis
• Secretion

• Cell Migration
• Cell Differentiation
• Aging
• Inflammatory Response
• Translation
• Cytokine Production
• Lung Development

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage
• Reduction
• Glycosylation

• Phosphorothioation
• Methylation
• Oxidation
• Myristoylation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/HLF

Best Uses Of The HLF Marker

The HLF marker is a sensitive, precise, and versatile indicator of gene expression that can be used to assist researchers in identifying multipotent cell types with high levels of in vivo regenerative capacity. Its expression is linked with human stem cells from hematopoietic tissue. The HLF gene can be used to identify these cells and can also be useful in identifying differentiated blood cells.

HLF is a crucial gene in the human hematopoietic stem cell state

There are a variety of mechanisms that can be utilized to boost human HSPC growth by tightly controlling the HSC self-renewal process. The understanding of stemness-regulating cell mechanisms will be further enhanced through the utilization of HSCs within ex-vivo cells. A recent study has revealed an entirely new role for HLF expression in the self-renewal mechanism of human HSCs.

The RNA-binding protein Musashi 2 is expressed in HSCs of humans. It plays an important role in HSC homeostasis by controlling the expression of key regulators posttranscriptionally. Musashi 2 (MSI2), which is expressed at its highest in undifferentiated stem cells of hematopoietic cells is reduced with lineage commit. Mutations in Msi2 cause the loss of quiescence and a decrease in HSC engraftment capability. Although Msi2 expression increases the risk of HSC function, moderate Msi2 expression promotes the ability to reconstitute.

Human HSCs could be a source of human hematopoietic stem cells, the generation of HSCs from these cells hasn't been successful. Human HSCs arise from the hemogenic and dorsal endotheliums. They also form part of the major arteries located near the embryos. They mature in the fetal ventricular heart. While HSCs are derived from these development tissues are not clinical applications, they might be able to provide the missing script.

HLF expression is not believed to affect age-related changes. However, HSCs may experience changes in their epigenetic environments as a result of intrinsic HSC changes. As we age, the epigenomic patterns of HSCs could be altered. This could increase the probability of the possibility of clonality. A recent study published in the journal Molecular Biology of the Hematology stem cell state has shown changes in HLF expression.

Studies of mitochondrial genomes' methylation show a high degree of resemblance between blast populations, even with low sequence depths. The precise mechanism behind the methylation process is not completely understood. It is unclear how the alterations in mitochondrial DNA happen in different blast populations, which may explain the high level of expression of HLF in human hematopoietic stem cells.

These findings underscore the importance of researching HSC epigenetic and mechanistic processes in the aging of humans. Understanding human aging is essential because it is the primary risk of developing hematological disorders. Understanding the mechanism of HSC aging is key to identifying new molecular targets for treatment. Thus, HLF expression will become more important in the near future.

Patient P1 and patient P3 had leukemia cells that could be part of the erythroid lineage. The leukemic cells of patient P2 were limited to pre- and post-leukemic lines. Thus, leukemic stem cells in humans have the potential to promote the malignant expansion of erythroid-megakaryocytic HSCs.

It can impart self-renewal to differentiation-committed blood cells

A brand new gene, the Boster Bio HLF marker can impart self-renewal to differentiation committed blood cells. Human HSCs are characterized by the dual characteristics of multi-potency and self-renewal. Multi-potency refers to the ability to differentiate into all types of blood cells, whereas self-renewal refers specifically to the capability of these cells to continue to generate daughter cells of similar types without differentiation.

The HLF gene is a multipotent transcriptional factor that allows self-renewal to differentiated blood cells, is expressed at every stage of development, including at the start of cell life. The latest models of HSC differentiation show that HLF gene expression decreases as cells progress towards lineage committment. The resulting evidence suggests that HLF expression can be conferred to differentiation-committed blood cells through a'stepwise' process.

Using the HLF-ZsG reporter, researchers were able to identify functional HSCs by analyzing the levels of HLF-ZsG in the bulk cell populations. The HLF-ZsG marker can also identify HSCs with distinct characteristics from those not expressing. It was also found that this gene conferred self-renewal to differentiation-committed blood cells, a promising approach to the treatment of sickle cell disease.

A limiting-dilution research experiment is a promising way to monitor stem cells. In this type of design, groups of recipient mice are transplanted using varying amounts of donor hematopoietic cells. The proportion of reconstituted mice is determined several months after transplantation. The frequency of "repopulating units" is determined by Poisson statistics. Additionally, serial transplantation of BM of primary recipients has been used to test HSC self-renewal capability. Individual HSCs can be transplanted into mice and later purified according to cell surface antibodies.

The Boster Bio HLF marker is an enriched cytokine that enhances the colony formation of hematopoietic progenitors that are primitive. IL-4 and IL-7 are the two key mediators of lymphoid and myeloid cells and lymphoid cells, respectively. IL-7 and IL-3 regulate the growth of myeloid stem cells. GMCSF and IL-12 stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies.

In 1988, scientists isolated hematopoietic cell lines from mouse BM. This population of cells had surface marker phenotype Thy-1low Lin (Lineage-markers)-Sca-1+. The cells were able self-renew and differentiate into mature blood cell kinds. This technology can provide hope to patients suffering from blood-cell disorders and other types of Hematological disorders.

The HLF reporter concept has been tested in two human cell lines. HepG2 as well as HEK293 express HLF. The Cas9/sgRNA RNP targets the HLF locus and induces homologous Recombination (HR). A ZsGreen expression cassette is then electroporated to this gene. The DNA fragment that encodes the HLF reporter also contains the gene that encodes for an endogenous HLF open-reading frame.

Human CD34+ cord blood cells contain more than ten different types of mature blood cells. These types include red blood cells, platelets megakaryocytes and macrophages. B and T lymphocytes natural killer cells and dendritic cell. In contrast, HSCs display remarkable differentiation potential. A Boster Bio HLF marker can impart self-renewal to differentiation-committed blood cells.

It can identify multipotent cells that have high in-vivo regenerative potential

The Boster Bio HLF Marker is a gene expression based an phenotypic marker to identify multipotent cells that have high in liveostregularity. Scientists from Japan created the HLF marker. It has been demonstrated to precisely distinguish multipotent cells that have high potential for regeneration in vivo. It can also differentiate induced pluripent cells, which can be transformed to become any type of cell. These features make iPSCs attractive in many fields of science, such as immunology , and the field of regenerative medicine.

Researchers from the University of California San Diego and Boster Bio published their findings in Science Translational Medicine. The Boster Bio HLF marker was able to identify multipotent stem cells with high potential for regenerative development in vivo. By using a gene signature, researchers were able to differentiate human multipotent stem cells from normal cells in mice.

Utilizing this gene signature, researchers discovered that pluripotent stem cells induced from human cancer patients had reduced immunogenicity. These cells were able of expressing MAGE A3 (a mitochondrialDNA marker) and also the oxidative phosphorylation. This protein was shown to improve the immunological memory of cancer patients. If the cancer cells aren't able to respond, tolerance may result.

Researchers also discovered that the Boster bio HLF marker is an innovative molecular marker able of recognizing multipotent cells with a high capacity for growth that is regenerative. A team of researchers recently identified human embryonic stem cells that showed diminished HLF expression after differentiation in a study.

The Boster Bio HLF marker can be used to detect stem cells in cancer that have the human Oct4 gene. This gene plays a vital role in oncogenesis and pluripotency. Cancer stem cells overexpressed Oct4 protein show less tumorigenecity. Low CDX2 expression is also a sign that the prognosis of a patient is not good.

The latest breakthrough in regenerative medical technology is the introduction of gene therapy. It has many applications in regenerative medicine. It is used to improve the quality of blood and tissue quality, as well as to identify regenerative disorders. In fact, stem cells may be the crucial element to a new type of medicine. These treatments aim to treat illnesses that are currently intractable through other methods.

The HLF Marker is a non-invasive and inexpensive way to differentiate these cells. MSCs express CD34, which is an antigen that is not associated with hematopoietic as well as endothelial cells. The ability to differentiate them is an advantage. It can also identify distinct subpopulations of progenitor cells.

The iPSC generation technology is a second breakthrough in regenerative medicine. IPSCs don't cause an immune response in syngeneic recipients, however, differentiated iPSC products could cause an inflammatory response in genetically-matched recipients. Zhao's team published a Nature study in 2011 which demonstrated that iPSC-derived cancerous teratomas did in fact not cause immune rejection, but were accompanied by necrosis of tissue.