GABBR1 Antibodies

Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 (GABBR1)

Part of a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor for GABA, formed by GABBR1 and GABBR2 (PubMed:9872316, PubMed:9872744, PubMed:15617512, PubMed:18165688, PubMed:22660477, PubMed:24305054).

Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, just GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins (PubMed:18165688).

Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling through guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase (PubMed:10906333, PubMed:10773016, PubMed:10075644, PubMed:9872744, PubMed:24305054). Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipid hydrolysis (PubMed:10075644).

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	GABBR1
Uniprot:	Q9UBS5
Entrez:	2550

Family

Belongs to:
G-protein coupled receptor 3 family

Alternative Names

FLJ92613; GABA B R1; GABABR1; GABBR1; GABBR1-3; gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1; Gb1; GPRC3A; GPRC3Asubunit 1c; hGB1a; seven transmembrane helix receptor

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
108.32 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	6p22.1
Sequence:	6; NC_000006.12 (29602228..29633183, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in brain (PubMed:9844003, PubMed:9753614, PubMed:9872744). Weakly expressed in heart, small intestine and uterus. Isoform 1A: Mainly expressed in granular cell and molecular layer (PubMed:9844003). Isoform 1B: Mainly expressed in Purkinje cells (PubMed:9844003). Isoform 1E: Predominantly expressed in peripheral tissues as kidney, lung, trachea, colon, small intestine, stomach, bone marrow, thymus and mammary gland (PubMed:10906333).

Subcellular Localizations

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, dendrite. Colocalizes with ATF4 in hippocampal neuron dendritic membranes (By similarity). Coexpression of GABBR1 and GABBR2 is required for GABBR1 maturation and transport to the plasma membrane (PubMed:15617512).; [Isoform 1E]: Secreted.

Diseases

• Epilepsy
• Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
• Schizophrenia
• Carcinoma
• Cancer Of Nasopharynx
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Dysequilibrium Syndrome
• Bipolar Disorder
• Virus Diseases
• Autistic Disorder
• Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms
• Neoplasms

• Epstein-barr Virus Infections
• Mental Disorders
• Brain Diseases
• Mood Disorders
• Postmortem Changes
• Absence Epilepsy
• Autoimmunity

Interacting Proteins

• GABBR2
• GPR37
• MAX
• NCK1
• NSF

Pathways

• Synaptic Transmission
• Pathogenesis
• Localization
• Reverse Transcription
• Conditioned Taste Aversion
• Aging
• Cortisol Secretion
• Viral Replication

• Rna Interference
• Secretion

PTMs

• Disulfide bond

• Glycoprotein

• Phosphoprotein

Research Areas

• GPCR
• Neuronal Cell Markers
• Neuroscience
• Neurotransmission

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/GABBR1

Best Uses Of The GABBR1 Marker

GABBR1Marker is an immunoassay which can be used to detect antibodies within a variety different samples. There are several ways to detect antibodies, including detection of specific antigens and membrane antigens. We'll discuss the top antigen detection techniques in this article. This marker will save you time, money, and give you a better understanding how to use the GABBR1 markers.

Antibody detection methods

Both ELISA or WB assays may detect GABBR1 antibodies. The latter is sensitive to both mouse or rat samples. These antibodies are different in their affinity for central and peripheral areas. In the following paragraphs we will discuss the corresponding ELISA analyses. We also covered recent developments in these antibodies detection methods. Let us talk about each one. These are just some examples.

mRNA and protein expression data sets of prostate cancer were obtained from cBioPortal. Data sets for CRPC12 were obtained from the same source. Both datasets were validated. Similarly, we compared the results of the two methods and found that AR and GABBR1 were negatively correlated with each other.

GABA levels in NE-like cells of human prostate cancer and pancreatic carcinoma samples were higher than those from normal cells. They also had higher levels matrix metalloproteinase. These results suggest that GABAB receptors could be involved in the GABAergic pathway. They were also implicated as promoting metastasis, and treatment resistance in PCa. Our findings suggest that GABAB receptors play important roles in NE-like cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis.

In another study, we examined the GABA receptor in BA9 and BA40 brain tissue samples. We were also able to detect GABAB protein subunits. We compared GABBRa4 and GABAB protein levels in these two brain tissue specimens to the protein levels found in the controls.

Detection specific antigens

Multiple studies have shown the expression of autoantigens in the human thymus. These antigens include insulin and a proteolipid protein called myelin basic protein. These antigens have opened the door to the discovery of autoantigens through the study. These findings must however be replicated in human tissues. To do this, stromal cells must first be isolated from thymus.

The expression of GABBR1 was compared to that of the AR gene. GABBR1 was previously found to be negatively associated with AR expression, which suggests that this marker can help in the detection of prostate carcinoma. This study was performed using data from previously published prostate cancer gene and protein expression data sets, including RNA-seq data from 49 CRPC12 tumors that are not neuroendocrine-differentiated.

RT-qPCR in the presence GABBR1 was used to assess the gene expression levels for NE/NE like cells in PCa specimens. GABBR1 mRNA & protein levels were analyzed by RTQPCR. Western Blots of whole cell lysates were used to perform the Western Blots. GAPDH was used for loading control. The last result was normalized to one relative to vehicle.

GAD65 is not present in human mTECs but it is found in peripheral tissues. It is believed it to be the first diabetic autoantigen. However, it may not be found in the thymus. This could be due central tolerance, which could also lead to a low rate specific autoantibody production. Further investigations are needed to determine the function of GABBR1 at the SCZ.

GPR51 receptor is the ligand that binds with the GABBR1 molecule. GABBR1 and GPR51 form a heterodimer in living cells. This interaction occurs at GPR51’s C-terminal intracellular tail. Its interaction of with GPR51 protects it from degradation and allows for it to cross cells membranes.

One 4.4 kb long mRNA encodes the GABA-B-1 gene in human. It is expressed at high levels in the brain, while its lower levels are found in the small intestine. The GABBR1 gene for humans has 7 distinct transmembrane domains. Its distribution is similar to that of the mouse in peripheral tissues.

Detection, if possible, of membrane antigens

Detection of membrane antigens by GPCR-based techniques is an important research tool. This protein can be used for the detection of a wide variety of membrane antigens, such as GABA receptors. It is especially useful in neurotransmitter detection because it is involved the regulation of the ion channels as well as the activity of adenylylcyclase. Multiple methods are available to detect membrane antigens. These include immunoassays using GABBR1 technology.

Exendin4 was used to treat human islets. BAC or DMSO (1% control) induced GABBR2 mRNA levels, indicating that this GABBR1 protein is expressed in islets. MAFA was not affected by forskolin knockdown of GABBR1 or GABBR2. In addition, GABBR1 and GABBR2 are expressed in both human islets and beta cells.

Other candidates for this gene include the NGF-inducible large external glycoprotein (NILE-GF), choline acetyltransferase, and parvalbumin. These antigens may also be present in the brain. However, their levels are very low in these regions. Therefore, more research is needed to determine the exact role of GABBR1 in SCZ.

This antibody was detected in paraffin fixed sections of rat brain using Rabbit Antihuman/Mouse/Rat GABBR2 Monoclonal Antibody as well as HRP-conjugated second antibodies. The membrane immunoreactivity that resulted has a 106kDa specific band. The experiment was conducted under reducing conditions using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

TUBB3 (also called TuJ1) is a key component of microtubules which are structural components in the cytoskeleton. They play a key role in cell structure maintenance, meiosis, and mitosis. Tubulins are also found in the somatic and cytoskeleton. They can help detect injury-related alterations to the somatic Cytoskeleton.