Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 (ENPP1)

By generating PPi, plays a role in regulating pyrophosphate levels, and functions in bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification. PPi inhibits mineralization by binding to nascent hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals, thereby preventing further growth of these crystals.

Preferentially hydrolyzes ATP, but can also hydrolyze other nucleoside 5' triphosphates like GTP, CTP, TTP and UTP for their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate and diadenosine polyphosphates, and also 3',5'-cAMP to AMP. May also be involved in the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling.