C-C motif chemokine 20 Antibodies

C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20)

Signals through binding and activation of CCR6 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (PubMed:11352563, PubMed:11035086, PubMed:20068036). The ligand-receptor pair CCL20-CCR6 is responsible for the chemotaxis of dendritic cells (DC), effector/memory T-cells and B- cells and plays an important role at skin and mucosal surfaces under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, as well as in pathology, including cancer and various autoimmune diseases (PubMed:21376174).

CCL20 functions as a chemotactic factor that attracts lymphocytes and, marginally, neutrophils, but not monocytes (PubMed:9038201, PubMed:11352563). Involved in the recruitment of the proinflammatory IL17 producing helper T-cells (Th17) and the regulatory T-cells (Treg) to sites of inflammation.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	CCL20
Uniprot:	P78556
Entrez:	6364

Family

Belongs to:
intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family

Alternative Names

beta chemokine exodus-1; Beta-chemokine exodus-1; CC chemokine LARC; C-C motif chemokine 20; CCL20; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20; CKb4; exodus-1; LARC; LARCLiver and activation-regulated chemokine; MIP3 alpha; MIP-3 alpha; MIP-3a; MIP-3-alpha; MIP3AMacrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha; SCYA20Small-inducible cytokine A20; small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys), member 20; ST38

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
10.762 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	2q36.3
Sequence:	2; NC_000002.12 (227813842..227817556)

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the seminal plasma, endometrial fluid and follicular fluid (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in the liver, lymph nodes, appendix, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and fetal lung. Low levels seen in thymus, prostate, testis, small intestine and colon.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted.

Diseases

• Inflammation
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Tissue Adhesions
• Autoimmune Reaction
• Carcinoma
• Arthritis
• Inflammatory Response
• Innate Immune Response
• Psoriasis
• Infective Disorder
• Autoimmune Diseases

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Intestinal Diseases
• Asthma
• Colitis
• Cell Invasion

Interacting Proteins

• CCL5
• CXCL12
• PF4
• RALBP1

Pathways

• Pathogenesis
• Immune Response
• Secretion
• Chemotaxis
• Inflammatory Response
• Chemokine Production
• Cell Migration
• Localization
• Innate Immune Response
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Activation
• Cell Differentiation
• Cytokine Production

• Cell Adhesion
• T Cell Activation
• Angiogenesis
• Cell Death
• Wound Healing
• Virulence
• Chemokine Secretion

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage
• Acetylation
• Methylation
• Nitration

• Nitrosylation
• Oxidation
• Dephosphorylation
• Ubiquitination
• Iodination

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/CCL20

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The CCL20 Marker

The CCL20 marker can be used to determine the CCL20 levels in serum in an organism. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) detects the CCL20 marker. It is a method to determine the amount of this protein in the serum of a variety of organisms. It is a versatile tool that is applicable to all scientists, from undergraduates to senior researchers.

The metabolization of arginine is urea and ornithine.

Arginine is made from glutamate, a metabolic byproduct of protein modification. It is further transformed into ornithine by the reversible methylation of ADMA an organic byproduct of the urea cycle. ADMA interferes with the production of nitric oxide within the body, a factor that can contribute to cardiovascular disease. Serine can be synthesized from a variety of sources, including glutamine, arginine, and 3-PG dehydrogenase, a process in glycolysis.

Arginine biosynthesis in mammals involves the amino acids glutamine, ornithine and citrulline. Each of these amino acids undergoes various enzymatic processes, which are compartmentalized in different subcellular and tissue layers and where they are synthesized by one or more enzymes. Besides the three enzymes that are involved in arginine biosynthesis other key enzymes that are involved in arginine metabolism include carbamoyl phosphate synthase and N-acetylglutamate synthase.

The liver is responsible for four reactions that convert arginatine into ornithine, urea and urea. The first reaction occurs in the mitochondria's matrix. The other reactions take place in the cytosol. In addition to arginine and ornithine, ornithine undergoes extensive metabolism, forming various different metabolites.

In the immune system macrophages play an important function as immunoregulatory and antimicrobial effector cells. Macrophage biology is focused on the metabolism of arginine. For instance, the M1 macrophages produce nitric oxide and the M2 macrophages express arginase which hydrolyzes the arginase to ornithine.

Arginineis a vital component in the cellular diet, must be replenished. In excess, lysine can inhibit arginine synthesis and triggers the excretion of argininosuccinate. Furthermore, arginine cannot be regenerable, and argininosuccinate is the main pathway for nitrogen excretion.

The availability of NAcGlu is a key component of the urea cycle. NAcGlu stimulates carbamoylphosphate synthetase which increases the formation of urea. To make glucose, muscle protein is also degraded. The urea cycle produces ornithine that accounts for 90 percent of nitrogen excretion.

Additionally, studies have revealed that arginine is a precursor of arginase. O2 and NADPH convert arginine to ornithine, urea and urea. NO is the result of the process of oxidation of arginine. NO is responsible for the formation of oxidative stress, which can lead to cellular death.

Serum CCL20 levels are determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The Boster Bio serum CCL20 levels are determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This method relies on the presence of specific antibodies to attach to the target antigen and a detection system to measure the amount of binding to the antigen. The test can detect levels of a variety of hormones and proteins in serum, blood, and other bodily fluids. It's also extremely sensitive since the test requires only one sample per person.

The Boster Bio serum CCL20 levels are determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This method is extremely specific and has been used to quantify CCL20 in different tissues. It is useful for detecting low-level CCL20 in serum, and also to monitor the amount of CCL20 in vascular tissues. It can be used as a biomarker to detect various pathological conditions and also in research on cancer and vascular disease.

One of the advantages of this test is that it is highly sensitive and specific to the measurement of CCL20. It has an sensitiveness of 78.9 percent and a specificity of 77.2%. The cut-off number is 64.0 mg/ml and the AUC is of 0.882. The cut-offs are the same as those of other methods.

The serum CCL20 assay was validated using patients suffering from penile cancer and healthy controls. The 76 patients with PC were compared to healthy controls with normal serum CCL20 levels. The levels of CCL20 in the preoperative serum in healthy male subjects were significantly higher than the ones in PC patients. The AUC (area under the curve) value was 0.855 and specificity of 72.4 percent and a specificity of 93.5 percent. After the surgery the serum CCL20 levels significantly decreased.

The results of the study were then analyzed with a gene expression assay (GEA). The genes whose expression was affected by CC10 were detected by ELISA. Additionally, CC10 and IL-17A are also regulated by the GSEA. GSEA provides valuable information on biological functions. The results indicated that CCL20 was positively regulated by the WNT signaling pathway that is canonical and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

The results of this study revealed that cancer patients had higher levels of CCL20 than arteries that were not atherosclerotic. CCL20 receptor (CCR6) levels and CCL20 promoter levels were significantly higher in atherosclerotic than in healthy individuals. The EMSA also showed higher levels of DNA binding activity in atherosclerotic blood vessels.

This study did not just detect CCL20 but also provided information about CXCL10 and CK levels in muscular disorders. CCL20 was present in all muscles, but was less common in myositis. This cytokine is associated with inflammatory cells, which is important for diagnosis.

The CCL20 Marker offers many benefits

The CCL20 Marker is an immunologically important molecule that regulates the mobilization and recruitment of T lymphocytes throughout inflammation. The CCL20 marker was found in the epithelium follicle-associated follicle, a location in which many immature DCs are accumulated. When TNF-a is present the body, CCL20 secretion increases , and the anti-TNFA treatment lowers the CCL20 secretion.

In the study, Hashimoto and colleagues evaluated the expression of CCL20 in the rectal mucosa in mice suffering from prolonged UC. They also found a significant correlation between CCL20 and neoplasia resulting from UC. They also discovered that CCL20 promotes the migration of monocytes as well as the accumulation of macrophages inside tumors. The researchers concluded that CCR6 deficiencies hinder the development of tumors in syngeneic CCR6-colon cancer.