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- Table of Contents
Facts about Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR.
Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RPA2, SMC1 and p53/TP53, which jointly inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism.
Human | |
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Gene Name: | ATR |
Uniprot: | Q13535 |
Entrez: | 545 |
Belongs to: |
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PI3/PI4-kinase family |
ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein; ATR; EC 2.7.11.1; FRAP-related protein 1; FRP1; FRP1FRAP-related protein-1; MEC1; protein kinase ATR; Rad3 related protein; SCKL1; SCKLMEC1, mitosis entry checkpoint 1, homolog; serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR
Mass (kDA):
301.367 kDA
Human | |
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Location: | 3q23 |
Sequence: | 3; NC_000003.12 (142449235..142578793, complement) |
Ubiquitous, with highest expression in testis. Isoform 2 is found in pancreas, placenta and liver but not in heart, testis and ovary.
Nucleus. Nucleus, PML body. Chromosome. Depending on the cell type, it can also be found in PML nuclear bodies. Recruited to chromatin during S-phase. Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage, hypoxia or replication fork stalling.
PMID: 8978690 by Bentley N.J., et al. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad3 checkpoint gene.
PMID: 8610130 by Cimprich K.A., et al. cDNA cloning and gene mapping of a candidate human cell cycle checkpoint protein.