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Facts about Forkhead box protein D3.
Promotes growth of neural crest cells from neural tube progenitors. Restricts neural progenitor cells to the neural crest lineage while suppressing interneuron differentiation.
Mouse | |
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Gene Name: | Foxd3 |
Uniprot: | Q61060 |
Entrez: | 15221 |
Belongs to: |
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No superfamily |
Forkhead box protein D3
Mass (kDA):
46.345 kDA
Mouse | |
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Location: | 4 C6|4 45.71 cM |
Sequence: | 4; |
Expressed in premigratory and migrating neural crest cells in the early embryo and in motorneuron and interneuron progenitors in the developing spinal cord.
The Anti-Forkhead protein D3 FOXD3 marker can be used to accurately test a specific gene. It can be obtained from the FDA for use by diagnostic and therapeutic laboratories. This marker is excellent for studying a wide variety of genes and their interactions. One of Steven Boster’s proteins is FOXD3. It can detect both human and microbial folate.
Steve Boster was a member of the U.S. Army and a former retail sales manager. He was a military veteran from 1981 to 1993 and retired in 2010. He is survived his wife Lisa, two daughters, Crystal Boster (and Natosha) Peck, 6 grandchildren and 4 brothers (Jack & Bruce) and a sister, Tammy. Many nieces and nephews were also left behind.
The Boster Bio Anti-Forkhead box polypeptide D3 FOXD3 Marker is an immunogen that reacts with the gene Foxp3, a 49-55 kDa member of the forkhead/winged-helix transcription factor family. It regulates many developmental and adult processes. Since the gene is highly expressed in regulatory T cells, it is thought to be a master regulatory gene. However, a mutation of this gene in humans could cause disease. Moreover, in mice, the gene for Foxp3 is deficient, resulting in scurfy-like phenotype. This gene is also implicated in the IPEX and XLAAD conditions.
This antibody can be found in many different suppliers. The anti-FOXD3 Marker binds to the corresponding peptide in the cell lysates. It recognizes mouse FoxD3 at a level of 50 kDa. The cross-reactivity between the recombinant mouse FoxD3 protein and human FoxD3, FoxB2, Foxh2, FoxC2 or FoxD3 peptides is less than 1 percent. It is also crossreactive with rabbits and sheep. The BosterBio Anti–Forkhead box protein, D3 FOXD3Marker, has been tested on both mouse- and human samples.
The FOXD3–AS1 Gene is a novel candidate for developing cancer biomarkers. It has many applications. This gene plays many roles in cell proliferation and metastasis. It is also implicated with drug resistance, chemoresistance, and other functions. FOXD3, which is the protein's main gene product, is highly expressed by a number of cancers including NSCLC.
Researchers are investigating the role this gene plays in neural repair using cell based therapies. Although neural stem cells offer a promising treatment to neurological diseases, their utility and effectiveness is limited by the high risk for tumor formation. Chitosan-mediated genetic transfer can be used to create multipotent, self regenerating neural crest stem-like cell lines. They significantly restored neural function in Zebrafish by transfecting Fibroblasts with the FOXD3 Gene.
There have been many clinicopathological factors that have been linked with FOXD3–AS1 levels including tumor size and grade. FOXD3 -AS1 levels have been associated with poor stage, lymph node metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in colon adenocarcinoma. It has also been shown that it accelerates apoptosis of A549 cells and Beas2B cells. This suggests FOXD3–AS1 may be a prognostic indicator.
In addition to enhancing migration and invasion, FOXD3-AS1 also promoted the expression of MED28 and repressed EMT in NSCLC Huh6 cells. It also inhibited PARP1 (and CTCF) in neuroblastoma-cells, and promoted cell invasion and migration in cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. FOXD3–AS1 is therefore a promising candidate for cancer diagnosis.
Researches into FoxD3 in human embryos have uncovered its dual role in neural crest development. Important genes are activated when cells acquire their identity as the neural crest. Conversely, when these cells begin to differentiate, FoxD3 turns off these genes. It is therefore important to identify whether FoxD3 plays a role in the proper differentiation and maintenance of a subset or neural crest cell, including DRG neurons.
Studies of the FOXD3AS1 gene in humans revealed a variety of related diseases and molecular mechanisms. The next step in the development of effective treatments is to understand the role of FOXD3-AS1 in disease. There are many uses for FOXD3-3AS1 in human disease. However more research is needed to identify the molecular mechanisms of FOXD3-3AS1 and how to target it.
PMID: 8798505 by Sutton J., et al. Genesis, a winged helix transcriptional repressor with expression restricted to embryonic stem cells.
PMID: 9767163 by Labosky P.A., et al. The winged helix transcription factor Hfh2 is expressed in neural crest and spinal cord during mouse development.