Protein S100-A12 Antibodies

Protein S100-A12 (S100A12)

S100A12 is a calcium-, zinc- and copper-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. Its proinflammatory activity involves recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration.

Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells through binding to receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways leading to production of proinflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	S100A12
Uniprot:	P80511
Entrez:	6283

Family

Belongs to:
S-100 family

Alternative Names

CAAF1; CAAF1Neutrophil S100 protein; CAAFI; CAGC; CAGCS100 calcium binding protein A12 (calgranulin C); CAGCS100; Calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid 1; Calgranulin C; calgranulin-C; CGRPEN-RAGE; ENRAGE; EN-RAGE; Extracellular newly identified RAGE-binding protein; MRP6; p6calgranulin C; protein S100-A12; S100 calcium binding protein A12; S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (calgranulin C); S100 calcium-binding protein A12; S100A12

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
10.575 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	1q21.3
Sequence:	1; NC_000001.11 (153373711..153375621, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Predominantly expressed by neutrophils, monocytes and activated macrophages. Expressed by eosinophils and macrophages in asthmatic airways in regions where mast cells accumulate. Found in high concentrations in the serum of patients suffering from various inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and Kawasaki disease.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Upon elevation of the intracellular calcium level, translocated from the cytoplasm to the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane. Upon neutrophil activation is secreted via a microtubule-mediated, alternative pathway.

Diseases

• Inflammation
• Arthritis
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
• Intestinal Diseases
• Tissue Adhesions
• Ulcer
• Atherosclerosis
• Crohn Disease
• Neoplasms
• Infective Disorder
• Colitis
• Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Inflammatory Response
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid
• Ulcerative Colitis
• Vasculitis
• Psoriasis

Pathways

• Pathogenesis
• Inflammatory Response
• Immune Response
• Localization
• Secretion
• Cell Adhesion
• Neutrophil Activation
• Cell Differentiation
• Cell Activation
• Excretion
• Cell Growth
• Regulation Of Protein Phosphorylation
• Mast Cell Activation

• Glycosylation
• Antigen Processing And Presentation
• Protein Phosphorylation
• Leukocyte Migration
• Reverse Transcription
• Chemotaxis
• Cell Cycle

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Carboxylation
• Glycosylation
• Citrullination
• Ubiquitination

• Nitrosylation
• Reduction
• Oxidation
• Methylation
• Deglycosylation

Research Areas

• Cancer
• Cytokine Research
• Immunology
• Innate Immunity
• Signal Transduction

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/S100A12

Best Uses Of The S100A12 Marker For Inflammatory Diseases

This article will discuss the benefits and possible applications of the S100A12 marker for inflammatory diseases. This calcium-binding proinflammatory protein is associated with other "classic" markers of inflammation and has been implicated in the causes of MS. The use of this marker isn't limited to the United States. It's actually applicable all over the world. If you're a scientist, you should go through this article!

S100A12, one of the calcium-binding proinflammatory proteins is available

S100A12, also referred to as Calgranulin C, MRP6 and EN-RAGE is a calcium-binding, proinflammatory protein. This protein was first identified in humans in 1995. It has been identified in other mammals since then. S100A12 belongs to the S100 family. This gene-related family of proteins is highly expressed in the body and plays a part in controlling inflammation.

A study of 74 patients suffering from IBD revealed that serum levels of S100A12 were elevated. Twenty-four patients had active CD and UC. The remaining subjects had inactive CD. The study found that S100A12 levels in the IBD group were higher than those of healthy subjects. Although there aren't any studies to back up this claim, it's worth noting that some scientists are still working on new ways to measure its effects.

At present, there are no approved treatments for FMF. While some studies have proven that S100A12 levels are elevated in blood of patients suffering from the disease These studies are insufficient and require further research to establish their clinical value. Although S100A12 isn't a cure for BD however, it is an effective diagnostic tool for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases.

Although this gene isn't found in all mammals, it was present in the common chordate ancestor of humans and mice. The expression of this protein is a key factor in NET formation and inflammation. S100A12 also inhibits oxidative stresses in the body. When it is inhibited, NETs can cause damage to the nasopharynx tissues.

It is helpful in diagnosing inflammation-related conditions.

IBD is a difficult diagnosis. It presents a variety of symptoms that overlap and fluctuate which makes it difficult to differentiate. Markers are becoming more common to help diagnose. A simple, reliable and cost-effective test is in the process of being developed. The candidate for this test is S100A12. Learn more about this promising biomarker.

S100A12 is a protein found on neutrophils and has important extracellular functions. It is involved in both innate and acquired in inflammatory responses. Recent studies have found that the elevated S100A12 levels are associated with an inflammatory condition. This link is being confirmed by additional research. Although this test appears promising, further studies are required to assess its clinical relevance in this disease.

This human diagnostic kit, also referred to as the Boster Bio S100A12, can be used to test for S100A12 levels in serum. It is a sandwich ELISA that uses two monoclonal antibodies to identify S100A12 serum. Its detection limit is set at 20 ng/mL. The study was based on duplicate results until more than 5% had the same concentrations of S100A12.

The results revealed that S100A12 was elevated in CD and UC patients. Patients suffering from both diseases had higher levels S100A12. Patients who were inactive had lower levels than those in the active group. In addition, S100A12 concentration was lower in the high-risk group than in the healthy control group. However, it's possible to use this biomarker as a diagnosis in patients suffering from inflammation-related illnesses.

The Boster Bio S100A12 blood test can be used for diagnosis of inflammation-related disorders. Its results can be used to detect the presence of a disease or to assess the response to treatment. S100A12 could also aid in the early detection of KD. Inflammatory diseases like PD typically result from imbalances between the two proteins S100A12.

It is also associated with other "classic" markers of inflammation

Recent research has revealed that kidney stone patients have higher levels of S100A8 protein and S100A9 protein in their urine. These findings are important for those suffering from urolithiasis as these proteins are essential in the formation of crystals. The study also reveals that S100A8 is also more abundant in patients with osteoporosis and kidney stones than in the controls.

A significant portion of the population suffers from digestive illnesses. These illnesses account for almost 50% of doctor visits and close to two-hundred thousand deaths per year. Inflammation is a common component of these illnesses, ranging from acute complaints to chronic sequelae. Utilizing the most advanced genomic technologies researchers are able determine the relationship between S100A12 with other markers of inflammation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestines. It is a multifactorial condition with complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. IBD is a multifactorial condition that has a minimal genetic contribution. More than 150 genes have been linked to it. Studies have shown that humans with monogenic diseases (monogenic diseases) have symptoms that are similar to the symptoms of IBD.

It could be a key factor in the pathogenesis or development of MS

Researchers have discovered a connection between the S100A12 marker and a variety of conditions that cause inflammation, such as rheumatoid, juvenile idiopathic, acute pulmonary, idiopathic, pulmonary fibrosis, and rheumatoid. This marker also signals via various cell membrane receptors, including IL-10 and TLR4. This gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS.

The S100A12 gene is located in the brain and is expressed in the synovial blood vessel lining. In addition to being expressed in the CNS as well, it is expressed in the arteries. S100A12 is activated by glycans and leads to plaque calcification. Additionally, it is associated with arterial calcification as well as revascularization in patients with DM and CKD.

In the study in which the serum S100A12 levels were positively associated with neutrophil counts and white blood cell numbers. However, they showed negative associations with lymphocytes and TNF-a as well as liver, kidney, and myocardial function. However, the S100A12 gene is linked to several markers of inflammation in MS which include S100A12 and CXCR4 mRNA.

The S100A12 gene is also connected to autoimmune diseases and inflammation conditions. In murine models, inhibiting S100A8/A9 activity helped alleviate symptoms associated with disease. Certain anti-allergic medications also block RAGE and NF-kB activation. These drugs are not yet being tested in clinical trials. The S100A12 gene may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of MS.

There are many unanswered questions regarding the role of the S100A12 gene in MS pathogenesis. This gene regulates many aspects of the immune system. It is responsible for the production of anti-inflammatory drugs and the regulation of inflammatory reactions. Although it is implicated in the causes of MS but there are many other possible contributory factors.

S100A12 is part of the S100 family of low-molecular-weight proteins. It has 92 amino acids and forms an EF-hand calcium binding motif. It plays a variety roles within the cell, including chemotactic activity and inflammation, as well as Ca2+ Homeostasis. It also plays a significant role in intracellular signaling cascades.