RAB8A Antibodies

Ras-related protein Rab-8A (RAB8A)

The small GTPases Rab are crucial regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an energetic GTP-bound form that's able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, motion, tethering and fusion.

This Rab is involved in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release. Together with RAB11A, RAB3IP, the exocyst complex, PARD3, PRKCI, ANXA2, CDC42 and DNMBP boosts transcytosis of PODXL into the apical membrane initiation sites (AMIS), apical surface formation and lumenogenesis (PubMed:20890297).

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	RAB8A
Uniprot:	P61006
Entrez:	4218

Family

Belongs to:
small GTPase superfamily

Alternative Names

mel transforming oncogene (derived from cell line NK14)- RAB8 homolog; mel transforming oncogene (derived from cell line NK14); MELras-associated protein RAB8; Oncogene c-mel; RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family; RAB8mel transforming oncogene (RAB8 homolog); ras-related protein Rab-8A

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
23.668 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	19p13.11
Sequence:	19; NC_000019.10 (16111889..16134234)

Subcellular Localizations

Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Golgi apparatus. Recycling endosome membrane. Cell projection, cilium. Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome. Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body. Midbody. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium axoneme. Colocalizes with OPTN at the Golgi complex and in vesicular structures close to the plasma membrane (PubMed:15837803). In the GDP-bound form, present in the perinuclear region (PubMed:12221131)

Diseases

• Retinal Degeneration
• Bardet-biedl Syndrome
• Kidney Diseases
• Neoplasms
• Familial Aplasia Of The Vermis
• Tissue Adhesions
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Retinal Diseases
• Vesicular Stomatitis
• Stomatitis
• Retinitis Pigmentosa

• Polycystic Kidney Diseases
• Microvillous Inclusion Disease
• Melanoma
• Cytomegalovirus Infections
• Headache
• Influenza

Interacting Proteins

• LRRK2
• OCRL
• OPTN
• RAB3IP
• RABIF

• RILPL1
• RILPL2

Pathways

• Transport
• Localization
• Exocytosis
• Secretion
• Rna Interference
• Pathogenesis
• Endocytosis
• Cytokinesis
• Protein Transport
• Vesicle Transport
• Cell Migration
• Cell Division
• Cholesterol Efflux

• Phototransduction
• Receptor Recycling
• Intraflagellar Transport
• Secretory Pathway
• Apical Protein Localization
• Prenylation
• Membrane Biogenesis

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Geranylgeranylation
• Prenylation
• Cleavage

• Glycosylation
• Farnesylation
• Acetylation
• Methylation

• Ribosylation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/RAB8A

Best Uses Of The RAB8A Marker From Boster Bio

Boster Bio has high-affinity RAB8A primaries antibodies. RAB8A antibodies can be used to detect the presence RAB8A proteins in biological samples. These antibodies have high sensitivity and specificity, and are available as both single-use ELISA kits and a reagent kit. Boster high-affinity antibody kits are a valuable addition to your laboratory.

Detection a pathogenic mutation at LRRK2

To determine if a pathogenic mutation has been identified in the LRRK2 genes, you must determine if the mutant protein is able to recruit the RAB8A protein, which is a key protein that allows for analysis of lysosome integrity. Rab8a, a key component in the lysosome is sequestered by mutants of LRRK2 gene.

The LRRK2 gene mutations are responsible for Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative illness. These mutations contribute to neuronal dysfunction because they are biochemically distinct. The G2019S mutant has been identified to be a pathogenic variant for the LRRK2 genetic, which causes mistrafficking in lysosomes.

Similar reductions in cilia frequency can be observed in human brain cells due to a common pathogenic LRRK2 mutation, R1441C. The researchers used knockin-and-BAC overexpressions of the R1441C, or G2019S, variants of LRRK2 to study cilia number and SHH signaling within striatal interneurons.

G2019S is a pathogenic LRRK2 deletion that affects the interactome and function of endogenous Glt-1. The pathogenic LRRK2G2019S mutation in glutamate causes a disruption in the proper transport of glutamate from the plasma membrane to the lysosomes. RAB8A has been identified to be a candidate marker for the identification of pathogenic LRRK2 mutants.

These results also suggest that Type II LRRK22 inhibitors have no impact on biomarker phosphorylation. RAB8A might play a role for the development of selective PD therapy. These findings are still to be confirmed in humans. The results of this study provide a foundation for the development of more effective inhibitors of LRRK2.

MLi-2, a LRRK2 inhibitor, restored the Glt-1 trafficking phenotype in LRRK2 G2019S astrocytes. Glt-1 was found in primary astrocytes with an active LRRK2 mutant. This suggests that LRRK2 activity was necessary for the proper trafficking and distribution of Glt-1.

After LRRK2G2019S-transfected cells were treated with LLOMe cells, the Jip4 antibody was stained using Lamp1 WT cells and LRRK2 S cells. The fold changes in the data are reported relative to wild-type mice and LRRK2 W2019S mice. These data are available in S1 data. These results were promising, but they are only a first glimpse of what these experiments might reveal.

The RAB8A genes were expressed in HEK293 HEK293 cell lines with FLAG–LRRK2 as well as HA–Rab29. The cells were lysed 24 hours post-transfection using lysis buffer. After lysis, 4mg of the lysate were immunoprecipitated with LRRK2 protein. After immunoprecipitation of the samples, they were washed with Nonidet P-40. The samples were then diluted in a buffer containing 100 mg/ml streptomycin and 2x LDS.

Detection of a constitutive KI allele by the transgenic Rab29 mouse

Detecting a constitutive KI is possible by utilizing two different approaches. First, a Rab29 monoclonal antibodies can be used for the detection of endogenous Rab29in MEFs. A Rab29 antibody can be used for endogenous LRRK2 detection by co-incubating MEFs using either lysosomal or ionophores. Finally, we performed the phosphorylation assay in transgenic Rab29 overexpression mouse to assess the role of Rab29 in vivo.

We first determined the expression level of the corresponding mRNA within the brain, ear, large intestine and spinal cord to determine if the KI gene was present in the transgenic Rab28-overexpression mouse. The levels of Rab29 DNA in heterozygous and wildtype mice at 3.5 months and 6 month old were not significantly different. The expression levels of Rab29 in homozygous mouse were fourfold and twofold higher than wildtype mice.

Using these data, we were able to generate double homozygous Rab29 MEFs from mice with wildtype or heterozygous mutant genes. The result was double heterozygous Rap29/VPS35 mouse model. This model was also used in MLi-2 injection studies and for generation of embryonic fibroblasts in mice.

We were also able to demonstrate that Rab29 in the mouse does no affect LRRK2-mediated Rab10-mediated phosphorylation. This result was confirmed when we used a heterozygous KI genotype in transgenic Rab12 overexpression mice. KI overexpression in the transgenic Rab29 mouse is a more efficient method to study a gene within its cellular context.

Another way to identify a KI genotype is to analyze the expression levels of a gene responsible for axon elongation. Rab29 (also known as Rab7L1) is a part of the genetically complex locus PARK16 which contains five genes. Single nucleotide mutations in this locus have been implicated as transcription regulators of Rab29 mRNA and not in Rab29 protein gene expression.

This data was not statistically significant between genotypes. This was confirmed by Tukey's multiple compartment test and one-way ANOVA. This finding does not indicate that KI may be a pathogenic variant. However, it is worth further investigation. We also need to confirm that Rab29 overexpression in mice increases the expression of LRRK2.

It is important to determine the effect of endogenous LRRK2 upon cellular LRRK2 activation, as other Rab proteins might interact with LRRK2 or recruit it to certain membrane compartments. Rab29 knockout does NOT appear to have an impact on the phosphorylation Rab10, Rab12 and Rab12.

After amplifying the chimeric DNA, the recombinant PCR products was used to identify and confirm the protein of interest. After that, the lysates of the chimeric DNA were centrifuged at 2800 g for 30 minutes at 4degC. The cells were then incubated with secondary antibodies, which were diluted to 1mg/ml using 0.2% BSA. The results were analysed using Image Studio software.

Boster offers high-affinity prima antibodies

Boster Bio is one of the largest antibody manufacturers. Boster Bio specializes in high affinity primary antibodies and picogram sensitive ELISA kits for biomedical researchers. Its range of antibodies includes more than 12,000 products, which are all validated for IHC, WB, and Flow applications. Boster Bio's antibody have a high affinity and were tested against a panel that includes 250 untransfected and transfected cell lines.

High-affinity primary antibodies are essential in immunoassays. They are a common tool in biomedical research. These antibodies can be used to measure specific analytes in crude preparations by removing non-specific bound material. Boster Bio offers both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Wikipedia has more information regarding the production and use of primary antibodies.

The primary response produces antibodies that are closely related to one another and show few somatic hypermutations. They are produced in response to haptens that are recognized by a small number of B cells. The antibodies produced have the identical VH and VL gene sequences, as well as variable regions that can be used to recognize haptens and pathogens. These molecules show very little change and are easy to observe. Boster Bio provides high-affinity antibodies for immunological research.

It is known the binding constants of one human B cell. The exact limits of repertoire diversity are unknown. This can be determined if one studies the evolution of an individual’s Ab repertoire over time following exposure to invariant cell Ag. This study has implications for the design of vaccines and the development of Ab-based drugs. It is important for us to recognize that the immune response is highly adaptive. It can adapt and expand its repertoire.

ELISA testing confirmed that the MBP–Lk-scFv is specific against the IFN–g antigen. It was also determined if the MBP-Lk-scFv showed cross-reactivity towards other antigens. The calculated affinity constant for MBP-Lk scFv was 2.6 x109 L/mol. This is quite high. This shows that purified MBP–Lk–scFv is highly affine for IFN–g.