Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP)

Facilitates the transfer of a spectrum of distinct lipid molecules, such as diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, cerebroside and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Essential for the transport of surplus surface lipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to HDL, thereby facilitating the formation of smaller lipoprotein remnants, leading to the formation of LDL, and assisting in the maturation of HDL particles.

PLTP also plays an integral role in the uptake of cholesterol from peripheral cells and tissues that is then transported to the liver for degradation and excretion. Two distinct kinds of PLTP exist in plasma: an active form which can transfer PC out of phospholipid vesicles to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and an inactive form that lacks this capability.