Natriuretic peptides A Antibodies

Natriuretic peptides A (NPPA)

Hormone playing an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis through regulation of natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation. Plays a role in female pregnancy by encouraging trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in uterus.

Specifically binds and stimulates the cGMP production of the NPR1 receptor. Binds the clearance receptor NPR3.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	NPPA
Uniprot:	P01160
Entrez:	4878

Family

Belongs to:
natriuretic peptide family

Alternative Names

ANF; ANP; ANPatriopeptin; ATFB6; atrial natriuretic factor; Atrial Natriuretic Peptide; Cardionatrin; CDD-ANF; natriuretic peptide A; natriuretic peptide precursor A; NPPA; PND; PNDcardionatrin; prepronatriodilatin

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
16.396 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	1p36.22
Sequence:	1; NC_000001.11 (11845709..11847783, complement)

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted.

Diseases

• Heart Failure
• Hypertensive Disease
• Hypertrophy
• Cardiac Hypertrophy
• Heart Diseases
• Congenital Heart Defects
• Kidney Diseases
• Decompensated Cardiac Failure
• Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
• Myocardial Infarction
• Cerebrovascular Accident
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Cardiac Fibrillation

• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
• Kidney Failure
• Infarction
• Coronary Heart Disease
• Fibrosis
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Stenosis

Interacting Proteins

• MAGEA12
• UBQLN1

Pathways

• Secretion
• Glomerular Filtration
• Pathogenesis
• Excretion
• Heart Development
• Natriuresis
• Localization
• Transport
• Diuresis
• Cell Differentiation
• Cell Proliferation
• Coagulation
• Fertilization

• Angiogenesis
• Ovulation
• Autolysis
• Inflammatory Response
• Heart Formation
• Aldosterone Secretion
• Vasoconstriction

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage
• Nitration

• Reduction
• Acetylation
• Methylation

• Ribosylation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/NPPA

Best Uses Of The NPPA Marker

In terms of protein detection for protein detection, the ELISA kit from Boster Bio is a great option. It can detect proteins, as well as small molecules, hormones and the inflammatory Cytokines. It has enough reagents to carry out tests of 96. It has been tested for a broad range of samples.

Anti-ANP/Nppa Marker

Numerous studies have linked the ANP/NPPA molecule with heart disease, yet there is a lack of information about the underlying mechanisms. Understanding epigenetic modifications is one avenue to develop a drug. Epigenetic modifications play a significant role in gene expression as well as transcription, and are associated with the development of CVD. Hypomethylation of NPPA promoter in Chinese adults predicted an increase in the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Low sequence conservation is evident in NPPA antisense transcripts of both humans and mice. They retain functional conservation. Interestingly, the mouse NPPA promoter exhibits a high degree of conservation, suggesting that the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are conserved. Thus, these studies demonstrate that a targeted therapeutic approach to NPPA could be a promising strategy for treating cancer. More research is needed to determine whether the inhibition of cancer progression could be used as a drug target.

Picoband(tm), Boster Bio's ANP/NPPA antigen is available. This anti-ANP/NPPA marker in Boster Bio was specifically designed to determine the concentration of ANP in supernatants of cell culture, tissue extracts, and serum. It can be stored at -20°C over up to one year in various concentrations. You can also buy the blocking peptide separately however, they'll be more expensive.

ELISA kits

ELISA kits for the NPPA markers can be used to detect NPPA in biological samples. The kits come with pre-coated antibody plates with detection antibodies, buffers and diluting agents. Instant ELISA kits include a sample diluent, capture antibody, detection antibody and streptavidin-HRP as along with the standard curve and wash buffer.

The dilution factor of an ELISA kit for the NPPA marker should be chosen according to the target protein concentration in the sample. The dilution factor must fall within the detection range of the kit. It could take several tests before the user has figured out the ideal dilution amount. Mix the test sample with the dilution buffer thoroughly. The sample should then be taken out of clean tubes using a pipette. The sample must be diluted in PBS or an appropriate buffer.

ANP (natriuretic peptide A) is part of the Natriuretic peptide family and is a human gene. It predicts the length of 153 amino acid chains, has a mass of 16.7kDa and is associated with pathologic involvement in Atrial standstill 2. NPPA is also known by its other names, such as prepronatriodilatin, cardiodilatin-related peptide, atriopeptin, and atriodilatin. Orthologs of the NPPA marker are found in a variety of species including rat, mice, and human.

The sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ChIRP-based ELISA technology uses an enzyme-linked assay sandwich (ELISA). It is based on an antibody that is coated on the well. Following the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate the luminol transforms into an excited state product. It emits light as it returns to its base form. This method is more sensitive than other colorimetric methods because light emission is only present during the reaction between the enzyme and substrate. It also offers a wider detection range due to the fact that chemiluminescent substrates are less concentrated and more stable than HRP-based methods.

Primary antibodies that have high affinity

Gene-shuffling technology produces Chimeric libraries through random fragmentation of a DNA sequence. Random fragmentation of DNA sequences result in template switching, as well as variation in the sequence. The antibody clones are then examined for binding proteins with high affinity. Multiple rounds of selection and mutation are used to produce the affinity mutants. The AID process improves both the binding of antibodies and their specificity.

This technique permits the reconstruction of linesages in the antibody clonal lineages and paired L and H chains. This method allows for the identification of the genetic records of evolutionary processes that influenced the development of antibody-clones. Furthermore computational tools have been developed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the lineages of antibody clonal clones. The affinity maturation process has also been revealed through crystal structures of affinity-matured antibodies.

The crystal structure of the 48G7g antibody shows significant conformational changes upon engagement of the hapten. Despite the large conformational differences, the antibody retains its high affinity to the hapten. In addition, the process of maturing affinity may involve the preorganization of the antibody paratope, accompanied by a decrease in the flexibility. This process may increase affinity by reducing cross-reactivity and may also improve the thermodynamic stability.

A large range of antibody genes as well as display technologies are valuable parts of the human antibody repertoire. Clinical trials are being conducted with increasing amounts of antibody lead candidates. Mutagenesis is a powerful method to introduce mutations to antibody sequences. Site-directed mutations can be assigned to specific locations within CDRs and framework regions. These methods also enhance the safety profile of the antibody. These methods will have a major impact on the production of high-affinity diagnostic and therapeutic human antibodies.

Detection and treatment of inflammatory cytokines

The detection of inflammatory cytokine production by neutrophils has been linked with an array of diseases, including asthma, arthritis as well as cardiovascular disease as well as obesity, colitis and neurological disorders. The development of reliable biomarkers is important for understanding and diagnosing these diseases. The ACD technique visualizes the immune response in an inflamed mouse colons. It also pinpoints trans-regulators which regulate the production of inflammatory cells.

Interleukin-6 is an inflammatory mediator cytokine that is created by our immune system, is just one instance. This cytokine is an agent of many immune responses as well as an effector of the autoimmune system. It is a pro-inflammatory cell-mediated cytokine which regulates massive cellular processes. It is also associated with angiogenesis acute phase response and anemia.

A rise in IL-6 levels is related to the presence of immune cells in HF. Furthermore, the detection of NPPA can help distinguish between physiological and pathological hypertrophy. Inflammatory cytokines have been associated with the pathology of fibrosis, among others. However, tackling the inflammatory cytokines is an ongoing challenge.