MAP2K4 Antibodies

Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4)

Dual specificity protein kinase which functions as an important component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway.

With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their taste for the phosphorylation site in the Thr-Pro-Tyr motif.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	MAP2K4
Uniprot:	P45985
Entrez:	6416

Family

Belongs to:
protein kinase superfamily

Alternative Names

c-Jun N-terminal kinase kinase 1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; JNK activating kinase 1; JNK-activated kinase 1; JNK-activating kinase 1; JNKK; JNKK1; JNKK1MAPK/ERK kinase 4; MAP kinase kinase 4; MAP2K4; MAPKK4; MEK4; MEK4MEK 4; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; MKK4; MKK4SAPK/ERK kinase 1; PRKMK4; PRKMK4MAPKK 4; SEK1; SERK1; SERK1EC 2.7.12.2

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
44.288 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	17p12
Sequence:	17; NC_000017.11 (12020822..12143828)

Tissue Specificity

Abundant expression is seen in the skeletal muscle. It is also widely expressed in other tissues.

Subcellular Localizations

Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Diseases

• Malignant Neoplasms
• Neoplasms
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
• Carcinoma
• Adenocarcinoma
• Inflammation
• Mammary Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Ovarian Neoplasm
• Pancreatic Neoplasm
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Ovary

• Malignant Neoplasm Of Prostate
• Prostatic Neoplasms
• Lung Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Lung
• Leukemia
• Tissue Adhesions
• Physiological Stress

Interacting Proteins

• MAP3K1

Pathways

• Cell Death
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Cycle
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Growth
• Induction Of Apoptosis
• Localization
• Translation
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Migration
• Cytokine Production
• Secretion
• Cytokinesis

• Cell Differentiation
• Liver Development
• Wound Healing
• Senescence
• Oncogenesis
• Transport
• Immune Response

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage
• Dephosphorylation
• Nitrosylation

• Methylation
• Oxidation
• Ubiquitination
• Reduction

• Acetylation

Research Areas

• Angiogenesis
• Cancer
• MAP Kinase Signaling
• Protein Kinase
• Signal Transduction

• Tyrosine Kinases

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/MAP2K4

Best Uses Of The MAP2K4 Marker

When conducting biological research the MAP2K4 marker is an effective tool. Its numerous applications allow researchers for identifying a specific protein in a particular sample. Scientists can also utilize it to develop new species and new applications, and also receive credit for their discoveries. This marker is used extensively by scientists all over the world. Read on to learn more.

Marker MAP2K4

The marker MAP2K4 is a molecule that plays an important role in cellular growth. Cellular proliferation can be affected by a reduction of MAP2K4 gene expression. The protein was analyzed using alamarBlue, a dye that has a fluorescence at 540/610 nm. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of MAP2K4 in various cell types.

Although it is believed to play a role in the suppression of metastasis and growth in some studies, only a few have examined its expression. In the tumor DNA samples, gene expression has been reduced when compared with benign ovarian tissue. A small study on epigenetic control MAP2K4 found no evidence for promoter methylation. This study does suggest that MAP2K4 plays a role in the ovarian metastasis.

Applications

The MAP2K4 marker's ability to activate the AKT/PI3K pathway that is phosphorylated is at the basis for its use. It is not known the mechanism that activates the signaling pathway. To date, this protein has been identified as a potential gene that could be responsible for prostate cancer. We present an example study in which it was discovered to block the spread of prostate cancer cells.

MAP2K4 is a dual specificity protein kinase that is a phosphorylator for JNK1 & -2. This kinase also regulates function of the p38 MAPK. It plays a large role in a variety of physiological processes and is thought to play a pro-oncogenic function. Therefore, this kinase may be a good candidate for cancer treatment.

Other applications of the MAP2K4 marker are cancer research and predicting breast cancer patients' survival. Among other uses, MAP2K4 interacts to Vimentin and can promote breast cancer cell migration and invasion. The MAP2K4 protein is also known to be involved in several diseases of inflammation, including cancer. It is crucial for research in many areas related to cancer. The MAP2K4 marker is being used in many areas of science.

The MAP2K4 marker is used in many applications, including cancer research. MAP2K4 is an oncogene of breast cancer. Utilizing Western analysis of blots, researchers discovered that MAP2K4 overexpression increased the expression of important cell cycle regulators like the c-JUN gene, c-Myc gene and Cyclin D1 (CCND1). These findings suggest that MAP2K4 enhances the growth of breast cancer cells through activating the AKT/PI3K signaling.

Specificity

In the study of breast carcinoma cells using qRTPCR, the specificity of MAP2K4 was confirmed. The gene is a cell marker that regulates the transcription of MAP2K4. Cell proliferation decreases when MAP2K4 expression is decreased. We examined the MAP2K4 gene using qRT-PCR in MCF-7 cells as well MDA-MB-231 lines. The expression of MAP2K4 was increased in these cells, and a western blot demonstrated a similar trend.

The MAP2K4 marker was implicated with poor prognosis for patients suffering from malignancies. A few studies suggest it could be an oncogenic molecule with pro-oncogenic properties. In addition, increased Vimentin expression is associated with poor prognosis for various types of cancers. This study examined the relationship between the MAP2K4 marker and the expression of Vimentin in breast cancer. The study concluded that these markers can be used to differentiate between noninvasive and invasive varieties of cancer.

MAP2K4 is part of the MAP kinase-signling family. It has been linked to a low incidence of cancer-causing mutations. In addition, to cancer-causing mutations it is a common target for deletion. Certain of these deletions are due to LOH targeting TP53 genes, however, some could be due to the MAP2K4 genes. These studies will allow us to pinpoint the exact mechanisms that cause dormancy.

The MAP2K4 gene is involved in the development of tumors and inflammatory processes. The markers that are used in this study have been found to be extremely sensitive and specific to human cancers. These markers could be used to identify tumour cells, however, more research is required to confirm their validity. Other studies that screen for mutations that haven't offered enough evidence of its specificity demonstrated enough proof, including the MAP2K4 marker.

Available

The MKK4 gene was not eliminated. This did not alter T-cell responses to LCMV in docile and viral control. T-cell responses to Map2k4DLck mice did not change at 35 days post-infection. The absence of functional MKK4 was not related to the expression level of Map2k4. The findings are summarized in Figure 2 of Supplementary Figure 2.

The MAP2K4 gene encodes a member the MAPK family. This group of proteins function as integrators of many biological signals. These proteins play a variety of roles in cellular processes, including transcription regulation and development. The MAP2K4 gene is part of the family of kinases known as MAPKKs. It has been proven that metastasis from tumor cells is facilitated by overexpression of this gene.

Transfection of breast cancer cells with the Lv-MAP2K4 gene results in an increase in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The efficiency of transfection was measured using GFP expression and MAP2K4 expression was determined by qRT-PCR as well as Western blot. MTT, EdU and FCM assays were also performed to monitor the effects of MAP2K4 in cancer cell proliferation as well as invasion and migration.

Vimentin is a protein that is found in breast cancer cells, is believed to interact well with MAP2K4. It also has the ability to increase the amount of Vimentin that is involved in cell migration. These two proteins together promote cancer cell invasion and migration. In addition, the expression of MAP2K4 in breast cancer cells has been associated with a better chance of survival for those with this mutation.

Cost

One of the genes involved in the formation of blood cells is the marker MAP2K4. Overexpression of MAP2K4 has been linked to prostate cancer metastasis. It functions as an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene. The overexpression of MAP2K4 facilitates the transformation of prostate epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells, which results in distant metastases.