Galectin-2 Antibodies

Galectin-2 (LGALS2)

This protein binds beta-galactoside. Its physiological function is not yet known.

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Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	LGALS2
Uniprot:	P05162
Entrez:	3957

Family

Belongs to:
No superfamily

Alternative Names

Beta-galactoside-binding lectin L-14-II; GAL2; Gal-2; galectin 2; Galectin2; Galectin-2; HL14gal-2; Lactose-binding lectin 2; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 2; LGALS2; MGC75071; S-Lac lectin 2

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
14.644 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	22q13.1
Sequence:	22; NC_000022.11 (37570248..37580087, complement)

Diseases

• Infarction
• Myocardial Infarction
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Inflammation
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Cerebrovascular Accident
• Ischemic Stroke
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Dysequilibrium Syndrome
• Atherosclerosis
• Coronary Heart Disease
• Brain Ischemia

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Tissue Adhesions
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Arthritis
• Hypertensive Disease
• Coronary Arteriosclerosis
• Auricular Swelling

Interacting Proteins

• SDCBP
• SDCBP2

Pathways

• Pathogenesis
• Secretion
• Cell Adhesion
• Chemotaxis
• Cell Cycle
• Induction Of Apoptosis

• Cell Growth

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/LGALS2

Best Uses of the LGALS2 Marker

Scientists who work in labs need to find the best use of the LGALS2 mark for their research. They can submit their results for applications, samples, or species. Best of all, the LGALS2 marker is globally applicable, and is available for purchase from Boster Bio. Read on to learn more. Here are just a few of the best uses for the LGALS2 marker.

Low LGALS2 expression is associated with disease-free survival

The gene LGALS2 regulates carbohydrate-binding proteins. Members of this family have been shown to play prognostic roles in several types of cancer, but their significance in breast malignancy is not yet fully understood. This study used the Kaplan-Meier plotter to compare gene expression in breast carcinoma patients and healthy controls to investigate the prognostic role of LGALSmRNA expression. The genes were detected using western blot as well as polymerase-chain reaction. The mRNA and proteins of the genes were significantly associated with both disease-free survival rates and overall survival. Although there is no direct correlation between aberrant LGALS expressions and breast cancer, the study has shown the potential for novel therapeutic approaches.

Patients with low levels of LGALS2 expression had a higher rate for poor differentiation than patients with high levels. Low LGALS2 levels were not related to patient age or tumor location. Furthermore, patients with low levels of LGALS2 mRNA did not show an increased risk of disease-free survival. Low LGALS2 expression was also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer death. Researchers concluded that low levels LGALS2 could be a predictor for breast cancer patients.

Low LGALS8 is associated with disease-free living

Recent studies have linked low LGALS8 expression with shorter overall survival in women with breast cancer. These findings suggest that LGALS mRNAs may provide useful biomarkers and biomarkers for breast-cancer patients. The correlation between LGALS8 levels and lymph node status and the grade of the tumor was examined by the researchers. Low LGALS8 expression may represent a novel biomarker for breast carcinoma. Here are the key findings from our study.

Low LGALS8 expression is associated with a shorter life expectancy, and a lower risk of breast cancer metastasis. Although little is known about the role of Wnt signaling in T-ALL, antagonism of Wnt signaling is associated with increased resistance to chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia. The LGALS8 gene group is made up of 14 genes, 12 integrins. LGALS8, the last member from the 5-GC, codes the secreted beta-galactosidase protein GALETTIN-8. This secreted GALETTIN-8 regulates survival and cell adhesion.

LGALS8, the gene, is involved with breast cancer metastasis. It also weakens long-term survival in breast patients. Low expression of LGALS8–AS1 is linked to shorter overall survival. However, the exact role of LGALS8-AS1 in breast cancer is unknown. Multiple pathways regulate this gene, including PI3K/AKT.

This gene was linked with poor survival in a study where women with breast cancer had lower LGALS8/AS1 levels. It was an oncogenic lncRNA which upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. The protein SOX12 also stimulated LGALS8/AS1 transcription by binding to the sequence-binding motif located in the promoter. These findings suggest that this gene may be involved in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.

Breast cancers with HER2 status are not known to have high LGALS2 expression.

HER2+ breast cancer is characterized by amplification of the HER2 gene and/or overexpression of the HER2 protein. HER2+ carcinomas are more likely spread, grow, and recur. There are several treatments that can be used in the treatment of HER2-positive Breast Cancer. These treatments are only effective for breast cancers that express the HER2 protein.

HER2-positive and HER2-zero breast tumours have higher rates of TP53 mutants than HER2-zero, while HER2-negative have the lowest. PIK3CA & ERBB2 have the highest TP53 mutation rates. LGALS2 mRNA expression levels are high in HER2-negative tumors, suggesting this gene may be a biomarker that can help with early detection.

The HR-positive group had a higher percentage of low Ki67-expressing cancers than the subgroup HR-negative. The HER2-low subgroup contained more luminal B breast cancers than HER2-positive tumors. They also contained a higher percentage of patients who were HR-positive and had high LGALS2 mRNA expression. The LGALS2 subgroup had lower Ki67-expression rates than the HER2-positive.

Combining the phenotypic with mechanistic features in HER2-positive BC might facilitate classification, identify homogeneous subdivisions, and uncover gene mechanisms. Combining these two characteristics can make rational therapeutic strategies possible for HER2-positive BC. These tumors often have poor response to traditional therapies. These tumors have high levels of sensitivity and offer many clinical benefits.

The results of the phase II trial, which was conducted at the Danna-Farber Cancer Institute, showed that patients with HER2+ HER2+ tumours received treatment with a combination T-DM1 and Pertuzumab significantly improved their prognosis. Additionally, side effects were significantly less common with this treatment. This drug combination should be considered for HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Low expression of LGALS2 is associated with better OS

Recent research shows that patients with low LGALS2 gene expression have better overall survival (OS), as well as relapse free survival (DFS). Although the association between PD-1 and OS is complex, strong PD-1 expression is associated with better DFS. This association was not found in the CC+CA genome, but it was observed in patients with low LGALS2 gene expression.

Low LGALS8 expression is associated to lower OS

Recent research has revealed that LGALS8 is a gene that correlates with overall survival among ovarian cancer patients. This gene has also been linked to the development of epithelial carcinoma. Studies have shown that high levels in this gene are associated with a shorter overall life expectancy (OS) in ovarian carcinoma. Further research has shown that LGALS8 is an effective biomarker for ovarian carcinoma, even in the later stages.

LGALS bind carbohydrates. They are S-type lectins with a conserved carbohydrate-recognition domain. There are fifteen types of LGALS. The proto-type LGALS has one CRD while tandem repeats have 2 distinct CRDs connected by a linkerpeptide. The CRD of Chimera-type LGALS has a unique glycine-rich short-stitch fused to it.

Researchers were able use the data from Breastmark RNA expression databases to search for prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma. We did an initial search of all patients with ovarian carcinoma and the different molecular types. Although there was no significant difference among groups of patients in DFS, there was a correlation in expression of lgals1 with OS in ovarian tumors. We concluded that low LGALS8 expression was associated with lower OS.

Subgroup analysis confirmed the association of low LGALS8 gene expression and poor OS. The heterogeneity result result was the basis for the chosen effect model used by the authors to analyze the data. Poorer OS was associated with several factors, including the sample size, region, specimen source, postoperative treatment, and the postoperative treatment. Low LGALS8 expression could be a risk factor in GC.