Frizzled-4 Antibodies

Frizzled-4 (FZD4)

Receptor for Wnt proteins.

Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin (CTNNB1) canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the regeneration of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activation of Wnt target genes.

Plays a crucial role in retinal vascularization by acting as a receptor for Wnt proteins and norrin (NDP). In retina, it may be equally activated by Wnt protein-binding, but also by a Wnt-independent signaling via binding of norrin (NDP), boosting in both cases beta-catenin (CTNNB1) accumulation and stimulation of LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	FZD4
Uniprot:	Q9ULV1
Entrez:	8322

Family

Belongs to:
G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family

Alternative Names

CD344 antigen; CD344; EVR1; exudative vitreoretinopathy 1; FEVR; frizzled (Drosophila) homolog 4; frizzled homolog 4 (Drosophila); Frizzled4; Frizzled-4; Fz-4; FZD4; FZD4S; FzE4; GPCR; hFz4; MGC34390; WNT receptor frizzled-4

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
59.881 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	11q14.2
Sequence:	11; NC_000011.10 (86945679..86955395, complement)

Tissue Specificity

Almost ubiquitous. Largely expressed in adult heart, skeletal muscle, ovary, and fetal kidney. Moderate amounts in adult liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and fetal lung, and small amounts in placenta, adult lung, prostate, testis, colon, fetal brain and liver.

Subcellular Localizations

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.

Diseases

• Retinal Diseases
• Tumor Angiogenesis
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
• Neoplasms
• Pathologic Neovascularization
• Norrie Disease
• Disorder Of Eye
• Blind Vision
• Eye Diseases, Hereditary
• Retinal Detachment
• Retinopathy Of Prematurity

• Retinal Neovascularization
• Tissue Adhesions
• Osteoporosis
• Carcinogenesis
• Embryonal Carcinoma
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Stomach

Interacting Proteins

• NDP

Pathways

• Angiogenesis
• Cell Proliferation
• Pathogenesis
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Fate Determination
• Localization
• Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis
• Lung Development
• Glycosylation
• Regeneration
• Transport
• Pigmentation
• Cell Cycle

• Endocytosis
• Cell Death
• Hair Follicle Development
• Cell Migration
• Gluconeogenesis
• Pronephros Development
• Cell Motility

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Glycosylation

• Acetylation
• Methylation

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/FZD4

Boster Bio - Best Uses Of The FZD4 Marker

Are you looking for information about Boster Bio's Anti-Frizzled 4/FZD4 Marker? If so, you've come to right place. This article will discuss RNA extraction, qPCR and incubation as well as other methods for using this new marker. This article is applicable to all scientists worldwide.

Boster Bio's Anti-Frizzled4/FZD4 Marker

Boster Bio's Anti-FrizLED4/FZD4 is a novel marker. It targets FZDs that are targeted by OMP-18R5. In addition, this marker was developed to identify and target specific epitopes on FZDs that have been identified in cells. It is also available in a concentration up to 1:1,000.

Frizzled-4 (also known as CD344) is a member in the Wnt signaling clan. The human FZD4 gene is found on chromosome 11q14-q21. This gene is a transmembrane protein of 48-53 kD that binds to Wnt proteins and norrie. It is abundantly found in the kidneys as well as the retina. It is involved with regulating embryonic growth and vascularization.

qPCR

FZD4 can be found in the cytoplasm. This gene is expressed at high level in a wide range cell types. It has been associated with many different diseases, including cancer. It is important to identify its expression in order study its role in tumor development. Using this marker, qPCR can help identify cancer-related gene expression and diagnose patients.

The gene for FZD4 lies on 11q14-21, but its expression in different tissues is not consistent. Two reports have identified the gene in the same region of genome. FZD4S refers to a variant that does not contain the seven transmembranedomains. It has been reported as expressing modestly in adult heart and fetal organs, but absent from brain and lung.

An amenable workflow is required to design a qPCR mark. This workflow starts with a complete genomic sequencing dataset. The next step is to identify strain-specific sequences. These stages include designing primer/probe pairs for qPCR. The results show that the proposed workflow produces a high number of candidate qPCR markers.

The 'frizzled' gene family encodes seven-transmembrane-domain proteins. These proteins act as Wnt-signaling proteins' receptors. FZDs play an important role in disease and development. qPCR using FZD4 markers has been the only method to accurately assess an individual's FZD4 status. There are many other nuances that can be added to this gene marker.

RNA extraction

This kit contains two primers, E-cadherin reverse and forward. Each primer has a concentration of 20 pM. The kit also contains 0.5 ml RNA extraction supermix (passive reference dye) and RNA extract supermix (reverse). After the RNA extraction is completed, the DNA is synthesized using TransScript II's One-Step GDNA Removal and cDNA Creation SuperMix Kit. This kit includes instructions for RT-qPCR and uses TransGen, Bio, Inc., China.

This kit is approved for use in RNA-Seq. This protocol involves the extraction RNA from various tissue types. After the RNA has been extracted from the tissue, the samples were incubated for 24 hours with a primary antibodies against the gene of the interest. The membranes were then washed twice with TBS-Tween, followed by incubation with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies at a concentration of 1/2,500. The Image ProPlus software was used to visualize signals. GAPDH was used to control loading.

Incubation

Wes Masterkit provides secondary antibodies. Cellular extracts were incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature with these antibodies. Compass Software 2.5.8.0 (ProteinSimple), prepared images, and protein quantification was carried out using the program. The parameters used for sample separation were 25 min and 375 V. The results were then analyzed using ImageJ software. These are only a few of many features of BosterBio FZD4 marking incubation.

Benefits

The many benefits of the FZD4 marker are well-documented in oncology. The protein is required for invasive cell migration, and its overexpression is associated with several types of cancer. It has also been proven to be involved with the initiation EMT. These findings suggest that FZD4 could be a potential target for cancer treatment. The levels of FZD4 expression are significantly higher among cancers, including breast and lung cancer.

Studies have shown FZD4 has been found to increase nuclear b–catenin, and decrease e–cadherin expression in glioblastoma cells. FZD4 also induces WNT signaling within the invasive tumor portion, which may play a role in cancer progression. MiR-377 decreased FZD4 gene expression in prostate cancer cells. FZD4 was knocked down, which resulted in lower expression of epithelial- and mesenchymal markers. FZD4 inhibition in prostate carcinoma cells reversed EMT processes and induced cell adhesion.

FZD4 is found in the retina as well as many other tissues. It participates in Wnt-signaling pathways and contributes directly to angiogenesis as well as cell proliferation. The gene is found on chromosome 8p21. It is also linked to familial exudative retinalopathy. FZD4 is also linked to ovarian carcinoma.

A new study found that FZD4 levels are upregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer. In addition, FZD4 promotes EMT by activating the TCF/LEF/WNT/b-catenin pathway. FZD inhibition can inhibit canonical WNT/b–catenin signals while activating noncanonical pathways. It is a powerful biomarker used to target and kill cancer cells.