Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (EIF2AK2)

IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral action on a broad assortment of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1).

Inhibits viral replication through phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation interrupts the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation that eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11.