BMP2 Antibodies

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)

Induces cartilage and bone formation (PubMed:3201241). Stimulates the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A- ATF4 pathway.

BMP2 activation of EIF2AK3 stimulates phosphorylation of EIF2A which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. In addition stimulates TMEM119, which upregulates the expression of ATF4 (PubMed:24362451).

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	BMP2
Uniprot:	P12643
Entrez:	650

Family

Belongs to:
TGF-beta family

Alternative Names

BDA2; BMP2; BMP-2; BMP-2A; BMP2ABone morphogenetic protein 2A; bone morphogenetic protein 2; SSFSC

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
44.702 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	20p12.3
Sequence:	20; NC_000020.11 (6767686..6780246)

Tissue Specificity

Particularly abundant in lung, spleen and colon and in low but significant levels in heart, brain, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, prostate, ovary and small intestine.

Subcellular Localizations

Secreted.

Diseases

• Fracture
• Neoplasms
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Crest Syndrome
• Osteoporosis
• Hypertrophy
• Tissue Adhesions
• Heterotopic Ossification
• Calcinosis
• Skin Callus
• Inflammation
• Tumor Angiogenesis
• Nervousness

• Osteosarcoma
• Bone Diseases
• Periosteal Disorder
• Carcinoma
• Osteopenia
• Vascular Calcification
• Neoplasm Metastasis

Interacting Proteins

• Acvr2a
• BMPR1A
• BMPR1B
• FSTL1
• HJV

• NOG
• RGMB
• TNFAIP6

Pathways

• Regeneration
• Osteoblast Differentiation
• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Differentiation
• Ossification
• Secretion
• Bone Resorption
• Localization
• Cell Growth
• Angiogenesis
• Pathogenesis
• Endochondral Ossification
• Bone Development

• Bone Remodeling
• Cell Death
• Tissue Regeneration
• Chondrocyte Differentiation
• Cell Cycle
• Bmp Signaling Pathway
• Cell Migration

PTMs

• Phosphorylation
• Cleavage
• Acetylation
• Methylation
• Ubiquitination
• Glycosylation
• Demethylation
• Biotinylation
• Reduction
• Gamma-carboxylation

• Sulphation
• Sumoylation
• Hydroxylation
• Dephosphorylation
• Prenylation
• Iodination
• Oxidation
• Deacetylation
• Geranylgeranylation
• Myristoylation

Research Areas

• Stem Cell Signaling Pathway

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/BMP2

Best Uses Of The BMP2 Marker

BMP2 is an extremely expressed and can be found in all tissues and organs. Its role in the development and prevention of cancer remains not clear. In this article, we will explore the best uses for BMP2 antibodies. We will also go over the methods of BMP2 measurement. ELISA, ICC, Immunofluorescence and In in vitro assays are common techniques used for these tests.

ELISA

An ELISA measuring the levels of BMP2 in serum or plasma of a human is a practical tool to measure the presence of this protein. BMP-2 is a widely expressed protein in humans, however it isn't widely recognized as a protein marker. This makes it difficult to determine the effectiveness of the BMP2 ELISA. Many reasons could be behind the inability to dissolve the BMP-2 marker in human plasma and serum.

To perform BMP-2 ELISA A sample of the medium for cell culture that contains boster bio's BMP2 marker is incubated for 1.5 hours at temperatures of room temperature. The antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase is used detect the BMP marker. The absorbance of 450 nm is measured using the ELISA. The results are reported as percentage changes over the control.

In an experiment that used an ELISA cell culture, the cells were grown in a tissue culture medium that contained either BMP-2 or a BMP inhibitor. The implant prototypes were released from the medium at different intervals. A ELISA was used to measure the BMP-2 levels in these samples. This method is also able to detect BMP-2 levels in samples from patients receiving hormone treatment.

In addition to assessing the level of human BMP in blood, a variety of other biological samples can be used to perform ELISA tests. In a study involving an ankle of a mouse was significantly elevated after an assortment of cytokines and other inflammatory chemicals. BMP-4 expression was up, but Bmp-2 gene expression was only slightly altered suggesting an imbalance in these proteins.

ICC

The BMP2 marker is found in bone-related tissues. This marker is employed in research on gene transduction. In mice, its effects on bone-related markers have been evaluated. These studies show that BMP-2 is linked to an increase in bone density. It is essential to understand the effects of BMP-2 in bone-related markers.

BMP-2's functional form is a homodimer, which interacts with BMP receptors on cell surfaces. When attached to these receptors it activates intracellular signal transduction within the SMAD and MAPK pathways. It also interacts with FGF protein and regulates the expression levels of several transcription factors, such as Sox 9, Cbfa1, and CREB.

The BMP2 marker can aid in identifying bone-forming cells in tissue samples. In in vivo imaging methods have also been employed to study the development of bones in models of disease as well as normal human bone. However, these techniques have not been applied to ectopic bone formation in soft tissue. To conduct this kind of study it was necessary to use six mice. Each mouse was implanted with two different implants.

After cloning CDS of BMP2 into the pcDNA3.1(+) vector, it was extracted from human cells, using the genome ID 1201. The protein content was then sequenced. The cloned insertion was placed incubated with the anti-BMP2 antibody. The resulting protein was then evaluated using western blotting. The protein content was determined using Pierce Biotechnolog's Protein Assay Kit.

Immunofluorescence

The BMPs are proteins that belong to the TGFb superfamily of proteins. They play a key role in many biological processes including angiogenesis, as well in tissue fibrosis. The therapeutic value of BMPs is evident in biomedical regenerative therapy and tissue engineering. Exogenous BMP2 administration has been demonstrated to block the development of cancerous colorectal tumor cells in some studies.

Many tissues have been discovered to contain the BMP2 gene, including tumors. Additionally, it has been found to be expressed in the ovarian cancer tissues. The gastric, colon, and breast cancers all have the BMP-2 gene. The BMP2 protein could also be involved in the development of tumors. While BMP-2 might be able to limit the growth of tumors however, some studies have demonstrated that it can also stimulate the growth of tumors.

In this study in this study, a BMP2 gene fragment was amplified by using the PCR Thermal Cycler Dice. The RT-PCR products were observed using a GIS 2020 gel scanning image analysis system. The DNA Marker DL2000 was used to determine the standard molecular weight and b-actin as an internal reference. Finally, it was a T4 DNA ligase was utilized to connect the BMP2 fragment to the expression vector.

The BMP2 modRNA also triggers the body's own bone repair and growth mechanisms. It is a non-viral gene therefore, it is a viable option for delivering a drug into the body of a patient. These biological agents can be used in conjunction with a range of biomaterials, and can be used in clinical settings. So what are the ideal uses for the BMP2 Marker?

In vitro

In vitro studies of BMP2's marker showed the importance of its mature-domain. This region is required for proper BMP4/7-ligand formation and may be affected by amino acid substitutions. Because of this, the BMP2 marker is utilized for studies in vitro of embryonic stem cells. Furthermore, BMP2 expression is controlled at multiple levels within the cell, which is why it is essential for research on embryonic stem cells.

BMP-2 can be incubated with many different substances to achieve higher specificity. Collagen sponges are the earliest and most extensively studied BMP-2 delivery materials. Their drawback is the early burst effect. So, genipin-crosslinked Gelatin microparticles are being developed that decrease the early burst effects. Gelatin had lower burst rates when coupled with BMP-2 as compared to PLGA microparticles.

Additionally it is possible to use the BMP2 marker may be used in cell cultures to study the function of BMPs in muscles cells in the skeletal. These cells may be treated with BMPs depending on their BMP2 level. This will allow researchers to better understand the role played by BMPs in the development of the brain and the development of the nervous system. These findings could lead to the development of more effective treatments for neurodegenerative illnesses.

In rats with hypertension, there may be an increase in BMP-2 levels due to the presence of BMP2 within their arterial walls. This effect is blocked through inhibition of NFKB by PDTC or SN-50. These animals were further studied under conditions of high blood pressure. The results suggest that high blood pressure may influence the production of BMP-2. The next step for BMP-2 in the heart is to assess its ability to decrease strokes that are ischemic.

Applications

In vivo studies using bone-related markers from human marrow-derived cells have demonstrated that injectable hydrogel systems that contain high doses of BMP-2 increase bone volume and reduce the levels of peak HO. This marker is also correlated with the hallmarks of immune system dysregulation and cytokines linked to robust bone regeneration. But before using the BMP2 marker living tissue, there are important points to be aware of.

Although some studies have utilized it to examine the growth and development of bone, the BMP2 gene is not widely known for its physiological function. An analysis of the molecular structure has revealed that the transduction of BMP2 significantly enhances osteogenic differentiation. In vitro studies show that BMP2 transduction also enhances osteogenic differentiation of USCs. These findings have paved the way for clinical trials of this compound for therapeutic use. However some studies have indicated that this marker can cause adverse side effects due to high doses. Thus, medications that increase BMP2 activity could be beneficial in reducing doses.

In culture medium of USCs transduced with the lentiviral BMP2 or Lentiviral GFP, the secretion levels of BMP2 were measured. The samples were collected according to the instructions of the manufacturer. The concentration of proteins was determined using an Pierce Biotechnolog assay kit. All experiments were carried out in three-fold duplicate. Once a cell is cultured with a BMP2 marker the cell will differentiate into an osteoblast.

Preconditioning hMSCs with low doses of BMP2 induces osteogenic differentiation in vitro. This process happens over a period of 28 days. Staining with Alizarin Red is used to measure osteoblast differentiation. Osteocalcin production is used to gauge this process. However, preconditioning with BMP2 minimizes the negative side effects that are that are associated with high dose treatments. It is possible to increase osteogenic differentiation in cells that are cultured with BMP2 when osteogenesis is happening.