ANAPC2 Antibodies

Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 2 (ANAPC2)

Along with the RING-H2 protein ANAPC11, comprises the catalytic component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complicated acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lesser extent, the formation of'Lys-48'- and'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.

The CDC20-APC/C complex positively regulates the formation of synaptic vesicle clustering at active zone into the presynaptic membrane in postmitotic neurons. CDC20-APC/C-induced degradation of NEUROD2 drives presynaptic differentiation.

Gene Information

Human
Gene Name:	ANAPC2
Uniprot:	Q9UJX6
Entrez:	29882

Family

Belongs to:
cullin family

Alternative Names

anaphase promoting complex subunit 2; anaphase-promoting complex subunit 2; APC2KIAA1406Cyclosome subunit 2; RP11-350O14.5

Molecular Weight

Mass (kDA):
93.828 kDA

Genomic Context

Human
Location:	9q34.3
Sequence:	9; NC_000009.12 (137174784..137188585, complement)

Diseases

• Retinoblastoma
• Carcinoma
• Growth Retardation
• Cell Invasion
• Liver Diseases
• Malignant Neoplasms
• Renal Cell Carcinoma
• Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast
• Mammary Neoplasms

• Tissue Adhesions
• Anaplasia
• Neoplasm Invasiveness

Interacting Proteins

• UBE2S

Pathways

• Cell Proliferation
• Cell Cycle
• Cell Adhesion
• Dna Replication
• Cell Migration
• S Phase
• Dedifferentiation
• M Phase

• Localization
• Cell Cycle Arrest
• Secretion

PTMs

• Phosphorylation

Research Areas

• Cell Cycle and Replication

For details, visit:
bosterbio.com/bosterbio-gene-info-cards/ANAPC2

The Best Uses Of The ANAPC2 Marker

The ANAPC2 marker can have many benefits, including the ability to regulate the cells' cycle. This article will explain the ANAPC2 Marker along with some of its uses. This marker is helpful in monitoring and controlling the cell's cycle. This article will help you learn more about this marker.

The cell cycle regulation is done by the ANAPC2Marker

ANAPC2 forms a core component in the anaphase promoting complicated. It regulates cell cycle progression through the facilitation of attachment of lys11 linked ubiquitin chains with the lys76 Rv0222. This inhibits proinflammatory chemicals. Multiple studies have shown that ANAPC2 functions. Mutant forms of the gene result in decreased virulence, and decreased tumorigenicity. The ubiquitination Rv0222 of ANAPC by ANAPC inhibits apoptosis, by preventing activation the adaptor protein TRAF6.

Anaphase-promoting complex is large multimeric cullin/RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase that orchestrates cell cycle and targets certain cell cycle regulatory proteins for degradation. It consists of two scaffolding subcomplexes as well as Apc1, an E3 ubiquitinligase. Apc2's function is still unknown. It has been demonstrated to regulate cell-cycle progression in several human tumor cell lines.

Regulation of the cell's cycle

Anaphase-promoting complex, (APC), regulates the cell cycle progression by ubiquitin ligase mediated degradation of cell-cycle regulatory proteins. Its function, by targeting the replication licencing gene CDT-1, is to inhibit the replication of DNA. APC2 is essential for cell cycle completion. This pathway is crucial in regulating the cell cycle and is associated with numerous human diseases.

The ANAPC2 protein binds to an interacting site called INVS. This site is necessary for recruitment of INVS by HIF1AN. Mutations in the protein are responsible renal ciliopathy, NPHP type 9. It is also critical for cell cycle regulation by Hippo signalling pathway. It interacts with WNT pathway and regulates transcription. However, this protein has not been studied as a direct APC/C target.

Cell-cycle regulation, in mammals, involves activation/inactivation of cyclins. The G1, S and M phases are sequential. Variants do not have specific phases. The cell cycle machinery controls cell cycle progression and is conserved in all eukaryotes. Genetic studies in yeast have provided considerable molecular understanding of these pathways. However, it is not clear whether the regulatory genes of C. elegans cells have evolved independently of those of mammalian cell.

The ANAPC2 mark is also necessary for ciliary disassembly. Joubert syndrome has been associated with CDC20. MCC is also associated to cell cycle regulation by the ANAPC2 marker. In a MCC independent manner, the BUB1/PLK1 complex inhibits CDC20. This pathway also involves APC/C.

The cell's G1 phase is when it begins to grow its organelles, mRNA, and protein synthesis. As cells get larger, they reach the G1 phase. This checkpoint determines if a cell continues to grow or enters G0. Cyclin B1 regulates transition from G1 into S phase. G1/S Cyclin B1 promotes the phase transition.

CDKs regulate the cell division process by activating and inactivating respective partners. CDK activation requires cyclin expression and association of a specific subunit. MPF and Cyclin function to induce interphase cells into the division stage before the M phase. The CDK/MPF/CDK/MPF complex plays a role in regulating cell-cycle development and regulates many aspects.

CKI-1, BUB1B and CDC20 are regulatory pathways that inhibit APC activity in G0/G1. These pathways inhibit CDK activity by acting downstream of heterochronic gene regulatory pathways and CDK activity. APC/C-CDC20 works downstream of heterochronic gene, which is a common pathway in cell divide. FZR1 activation is also inhibited in the MCC's G0/G1 stages.

Anapc2 is a core subunit of the APC/C pathway. It is essential for the maintenance of d-HSCs. Cre-LoxP mice were used to knock out the ANAPC2 genes. The knockout mice were able to express Anapc2 only in a subset of CD34+ cells in BM.

Monitoring cell cycle

Scientists can track cells' progress through their entire life using the ANAPC2 cellular-cycle marker. The fluorescent marker changes colors as cells progress through the cellcycle. Cells in the G1 stage have red fluorescence while those in the G2/M phases have green fluorescence. A fluorescent dye fusion called B1 2536 increases the number positive cells. This marker is useful in detecting cancer cells in the early stages of their life.

The proper progression of the cell's cycle is dependent on the ANAPC2 gene. If a cell passes this checkpoint, it may undergo a reversible alteration, leading to cancer. Cells must go through the cell-cycle in order to properly divide. They can't divide if they are too big or small. When cells reach the G1/S checkpoint, they are not replicating DNA anymore, but instead are dividing.

To monitor the cell cycle with the ANAPC2 marker, transfected HCT116 cells were exposed to BI 2536 for 24 hours. Cells were then stained with Hoechst 33342 and a GFP or RFP marker, and the resulting images were analysed by using CELLQuest software. The ANAPC2 marker allows cell cycle monitoring and provides valuable information.

DNA replication, a vital requirement for mitosis, is required by proliferating cells. It incorporates four nucleotides to DNA. This process is also called DNA synthesis. Cellular proliferation is identified by the incorporation of these nucleosides like thymidine. These measurements have allowed scientists to understand the timing of cell proliferation and DNA replication. This research has led to the development of the next generation cells cycle markers.

APC2 and PLK1 regulate, but both DNAs and RNAs also contain a corresponding Gene (CDC20). This molecule is located inside the genome of human cells. The human ANAPC2 genome is located on chromosome17q21. The Genome Browser at UCSC provides detailed information about the human ANAPC2 genome. It is a good idea check for mutations in the gene.

The ANAPC2 genes is one of most important transcription factors in mammalian cells. Its expression is highly conserved among somatic tissues, ranging from the embryonic stage to mature oocytes. Emi1/Fbx5 occurs in the developing embryo and spermatocytes. However, it is mainly expressed in the mammalian retina, where it functions as a meiotic inhibitor.